Figure 9. Treatment of NRVMs with pluripotent factors activate the fetal gene program (FGP) and induce expression of genes dysregulated in pediatric DCM.

Cells were treated with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), WNT activator, and FGF2 for 24 hours and with LIF and FGF2 for another 24 hours. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR and normalized to 18S. n = 6 independent experiments. CCND1, cyclin D1; MDK, midkine; Cux1, CUT-like homeobox 1; JAK2, janus kinase 2; HMGB2, high-mobility group binding 2; ANF, atrial natriuretic factor; BNP, B-type natriuretic factor; MyHC, myosin heavy chain; SERCA, SR-Ca²⁺ ATPase. P values were determined by two-sided Wilcox rank-sum t test.