Table 9.
The Impact of RoSLA on Child Key Stage 4 (Age 16) Outcomes, Three Windows Around the Policy Change
| 1 year window
|
3 year window
|
6 year window
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Key stage 4 score | GCSE total score | GCSE academic total | Key stage 4 score | GCSE total score | GCSE academic total | Key stage 4 score | GCSE total score | GCSE academic total | |
| RoSLA treatment of mother | 22.046** (9.039) |
14.980* (8.590) |
10.622* (5.899) |
17.274*** (6.146) |
18.872*** (5.891) |
12.295*** (4.046) |
16.380*** (6.009) |
22.900*** (5.731) |
13.746*** (3.873) |
| RoSLA treatment of father | 23.546** (9.714) |
20.194** (9.227) |
11.732* (6.347) |
20.027*** (6.777) |
20.369*** (6.499) |
12.037*** (4.455) |
23.318*** (6.445) |
19.751*** (6.153) |
14.580*** (4.146) |
| Mother’s age at child’s birth: pre-window | 5.993*** (1.803) |
6.309*** (1.713) |
4.341*** (1.180) |
5.837*** (1.188) |
6.569*** (1.138) |
4.896*** (0.785) |
3.916*** (1.020) |
5.251*** (0.974) |
3.367*** (0.653) |
| Mother’s age at child’s birth: in window | 7.412*** (1.883) |
8.049*** (1.789) |
5.090*** (1.232) |
6.975*** (1.206) |
7.495*** (1.154) |
5.403*** (0.796) |
4.364*** (0.833) |
6.299*** (0.793) |
4.298*** (0.537) |
| Mother’s age at child’s birth: post-window | 7.808*** (2.143) |
8.133*** (2.036) |
5.411*** (1.402) |
7.925*** (1.498) |
8.160*** (1.433) |
6.027*** (0.988) |
4.730*** (1.157) |
6.974*** (1.102) |
4.770*** (0.745) |
| Father’s age at child’s birth: pre-window | 0.815 (1.697) |
2.157 (1.616) |
1.996* (1.108) |
1.723 (1.122) |
2.200** (1.078) |
1.044 (0.739) |
1.494* (0.782) |
1.108 (0.746) |
1.354*** (0.502) |
| Father’s age at child’s birth: in window | 1.402 (1.939) |
2.823 (1.846) |
2.497** (1.264) |
2.694** (1.304) |
3.348*** (1.253) |
1.602* (0.859) |
2.340** (0.930) |
1.936** (0.888) |
2.058*** (0.598) |
| Father’s age at child’s birth: post-window | 1.275 (2.209) |
2.733 (2.103) |
2.537* (1.440) |
2.689* (1.631) |
3.456** (1.567) |
1.506 (1.073) |
1.953 (1.310) |
1.245 (1.251) |
1.974** (0.841) |
| R2 | 0.195 | 0.230 | 0.249 | 0.197 | 0.225 | 0.247 | 0.180 | 0.212 | 0.236 |
| Observations | 1,523 | 1,531 | 1,481 | 4,094 | 4,116 | 3,985 | 7,570 | 7,621 | 7,378 |
| Outcome mean | 430.9 | 358.02 | 243.09 | 423.76 | 347.42 | 235.87 | 416.82 | 337.31 | 227.91 |
| Outcome SD | 145.65 | 141.86 | 97.05 | 146.29 | 143.2 | 98.07 | 147.87 | 144.32 | 97.41 |
| Treatment as % of SD (mum only) | 15.14 | 10.56 | 10.95 | 11.81 | 13.18 | 12.54 | 11.08 | 15.87 | 14.11 |
| Treatment as % of SD (dad only) | 16.17 | 14.24 | 12.09 | 13.69 | 14.22 | 12.27 | 15.77 | 13.69 | 14.97 |
| Treatment as % of SD (both) | 31.30 | 24.80 | 23.03 | 25.50 | 27.40 | 24.81 | 26.85 | 29.55 | 29.08 |
| Treatment joint significance p-value | 0.003 | 0.019 | 0.035 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Notes
*
p < 0.10,
**
p < 0.05,
***
p < 0.01.
Additional controls included: child gender, month of birth, GCSE cohort, parent foreign qualifications, single mother dummy, father missing info dummy, child performance IQ.