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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 20.
Published in final edited form as: Chemphyschem. 2016 Jun 15;17(12):1719–1741. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201600184

Figure 18.

Figure 18

Driving by a) an external fluctuation that results in an energy ratchet mechanism; and by b) an energy-releasing catalyzed reaction that results in an information ratchet mechanism.