Table 3. Changes in dietary intake and physical activity from baseline to 12 months (n=272) and 18 months (n=239)a.
|
From baseline to 12 monthsb |
From baseline to 18 monthsb |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INT | CON | β (95% CI) | INT | CON | β (95% CI) | |
| n | 139 | 134 | 117 | 122 | ||
| Dietary intake | ||||||
| Energy intake (kcal per day) | −233.5±452.5c | −178.8±538.7c | −93.2 (−186.3;−0.2) | −226.3±453.7c | −255.3±518.8c | −5.2 (−104.3; 93.9) |
| Total protein (en%) | 0.7±2.6c | 0.3±2.29 | 0.4 (−0.2; 0.9) | 0.8±2.7c | 0.7±2.6c | 0.2 (−0.4; 0.8) |
| Total fat (en%) | −1.5±5.1c | −0.4±4.5 | −1.2 (−2.2; −0.1) | −1.6±5.4c | −0.1±5.1 | −1.6 (−2.8; −0.4) |
| Saturated fat (en%) | −0.9±2.3c | −0.2±2.0 | −0.7 (−1.2; −0.3) | −1.0±2.3c | −0.1±1.9 | −0.9 (−1.4; −0.4) |
| Total carbohydrates (en%) | 1.0±5.1c | 0.3±4.7 | 0.6 (−0.4; 1.7) | 0.9±5.0 | −0.2±5.2 | 1.0 (−0.2; 2.2) |
| Fibre (g per 1000 kcal) | 1.2±2.5c | 0.5±2.1c | 0.6 (0.1; 1.1) | 1.2±2.7c | 0.3±2.0 | 0.9 (0.4; 1.5) |
| Alcohol (en%) | −0.6±2.8c | −0.3±2.7 | −0.2 (−0.8; 0.4) | −0.4±2.7c | −0.2±3.4 | −0.1 (−0.8; 0.6) |
| Fruit intake incl. fruit juices (g per day) | 20.2±116.8c | −28.5±126.6c | 38.6 (14.3; 62.9) | 7.4±125.4 | −23.8±141.6 | 23.6 (−4.0; 51.3) |
| Vegetable intake (g per day) | 6.1±83.0 | 2.6±78.7 | 8.4 (−8.6; 25.4) | 15.7±91.9c | 2.2±80.9 | 19.3 (1.0; 37.6) |
| Fibre intake from total bread intake (%) | 0.4±1.5c | −0.0±1.1 | 0.3 (0.0; 0.5) | 0.4±1.6c | 0.1±0.9 | 0.3 (0.0; 0.6) |
| Fat intake from total bread spread intake (%) | −3.3±6.2c | −0.5±5.6 | −2.1 (−3.3; −0.9) | −3.9±6.8c | −0.5±6.5 | −2.6 (−4.1; −1.1) |
| Snack intake (kcal per day) | −59.6±146.0c | −72.3±222.0c | −15.0 (−44.5; 14.6) | −45.4±175.6c | −93.1±239.8c | 14.8 (−22.0; 51.7) |
| Soft drink intake (kcal per day) | −15.6±66.9c | −13.7±55.4c | 2.2 (−9.1; 13.6) | −21.9±57.4c | −10.6±52.3c | −8.0 (−18.5; 2.6) |
| High-fat dairy intake (g per day) | −18.0±55.6c | −7.6±51.1c | −11.6 (−21.7;−1.6) | −16.3± 52.1c | −13.7±46.8c | −6.5 (−16.1; 3.1) |
| Low-fat dairy intake (g per day) | 20.8±157.0c | −12.9±158.7 | 33.7 (−0.3; 67.6) | 12.5±182.1 | −2.3±127.4 | 16.3 (−22.7; 55.2) |
| Dutch Healthy Diet index (0–80 scale)d | 3.6±7.9c | 0.3±7.7 | 3.4 (1.7; 5.0) | 3.8±7.8c | 0.3±7.8 | 3.8 (2.1; 5.5) |
| Physical activity (PA) | ||||||
| Total PA (min per week) | 152.5±1346.5 | −80.1±1225.3 | 229.9 (−47.3; 507.1) | 159.2±1552.6 | 98.8±1094.6 | 55.0 (−258.5; 368.6) |
| Light PA (min per week) | 89.7±970.4 | 26.4±997.0 | 70.4 (−139.9; 280.8) | 33.7±1270.8 | 56.7±875.2 | −21.5 (−267.9; 225.0) |
| Moderate PA (min per week) | −2.9±649.6 | −26.3±531.0 | 39.7 (−81.8; 161.2) | 17.9±684.4 | 28.2±609.1 | 0.8 (−149.3; 150.8) |
| Vigorous PA (min per week) | 65.7±415.7c | −80.2±412.7c | 118.3 (33.8; 202.8) | 107.6±429.7c | 13.9±317.3 | 82.0 (−7.9; 171.9) |
| Physical fitness (m) | 25.1±38.7c | 2.3±37.4 | 22.6 (13.5; 31.7) | 32.8±47.2c | 10.0±40.8c | 22.3 (10.7; 33.9) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CON, Control group; INT, Intervention group; PA, physical activity.
a
Data are mean±s.d. or β (95% CI).
b
From baseline to 12 months: dietary intake: INT n=138, CON n=134; physical activity (min/week): INT n=139, CON n=133; physical fitness: INT n=137; CON n=130; From baseline to 18 months: dietary intake: INT n=116, CON n=122; physical activity (min per week): INT n=117, CON n=122; physical fitness: INT n=105, CON n=118.
c
Significant difference within group (P<0.05).
d
From baseline to 12 months: INT n=138, CON n=133.