Table 1. General characteristics of healthy and diabetic treated (atorvastatin, 50 mg. kg-1.day-1) and control rats.
| Healthy untreated | Healthy statin | Diabetic untreated | Diabetic statin | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General Characteristics (Number of rats) | 23 | 25 | 20 | 33 |
| Body weight (g) | 380 ± 66 | 405 ± 81 | 240 ± 44* | 238 ± 57*‡ |
| Heart weight (mg) | 828 ± 173 | 850± 174 | 575 ± 120* | 559 ± 160*‡ |
| Heart weight/ body weight (mg.g-1) | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.3* | 2.3 ± 0.2† |
| Blood glucose (mM) | 9.8 ± 1.2 | 9.6 ± 1.7 | 41.7 ± 5* | 44.1 ± 8.1*‡ |
| Plasma bicarbonate (mM) | 28 ± 5 | 27 ± 5 | 28 ± 7 | 27 ± 4 |
| Lipid measurement (number of rats) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Total cholesterol (g.L-1) | 0.50 ± 0.03 | 0.43 ± 0.23 | 0.69 ± 0.12* | 0.67 ± 0.13* |
| Triglycerides (g.L-1) | 0.96 ± 0.21 | 1.03 ± 0.32 | 0.55 ± 0.29 | 0.87 ± 0.49 |
| LDL cholesterol (g.L-1) | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.03* | 0.12 ± 0.03*† |
| Echocardiography (number of rats) | 18 | 18 | 17 | 16 |
| Heart rate (beats.min-1) | 352 ± 34 | 342 ± 18 | 309 ± 26* | 298 ± 37* |
| Left ventricle ejection fraction (%) | 83 ± 8 | 84 ± 7 | 87 ± 5 | 79 ± 7† |
| Left ventricle shortening fraction (%) | 49 ± 7 | 49 ± 9 | 52 ± 7 | 44 ± 6*† |
| E (ms) | 0.92 ± 0.17 | 0.88 ± 0.14 | 0.92 ± 0.17 | 0.89 ± 0.11 |
| IVRT (ms) | 18 ± 5 | 19 ± 6 | 31 ± 9* | 24 ± 7*†‡ |
| DT (ms) | 41 ± 11 | 37 ± 10 | 36 ± 9 | 43 ± 11 |
| E/Ea | 17 ± 4 | 17 ± 4 | 21 ± 6* | 20 ± 5 |
| Mechanical Properties (number of muscles) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 15 |
| Vmax (Lmax.s-1) | 3.40±0.27 | 3.32±0.65 | 2.70±0.25* | .51±0.31*‡ |
| AF/s (mN.mm-2) | 65±22 | 64±19 | 67±13 | 66±26 |
| TPS (ms) | 165±8 | 175±11 | 222±14* | 205±17*†‡ |
| TPF (ms) | 144±10 | 167±16*† | 203±18* | 184±23*† |
Data are mean ± SD
*: p<0.05 versus untreated healthy group
†: p<0.05 between statin and untreated rats in each group healthy or diabetic rats
‡: p<0.05 between healthy statin rats and diabetic statin rats. IVRT = Isovolumic relaxation time; E = peak velocity of early mitral flow; DT = deceleration time of E wave, E/Ea = E peak velocity of early mitral flow/Ea early diastolic velocity of lateral mitral annulus ratio; Vmax = maximal unloading isotonic shortening velocity (Lmax s-1); AF/s = active force normalized per cross-sectional area during isometric contraction; TPF = time to peak force; TPS = time to peak shortening.