Table 2. Published RCTs that were registered before or during trial completion and have major discrepancies with their trial registries, and the effect of these discrepancies on the statistical significance of published outcomes, by funding source.

	Total		Private		Public		Industry		Mixed		None Disclosed
No. of published RCTs	180		21		60		71		26		2
No. of published RCTs with major discrepancies between registry and publication	92	(51%)	16	(76%)	32	(53%)	32	(45%)	11	(42%)	1	(50%)
No. of major discrepancies between registry and publication	180		29		68		67		15.0		1
Registered primary outcomes demoted in publication	10	(6%)	4	(14%)	3	(4%)	2	(3%)	1	(7%)	0	(0%)
Registered primary outcomes omitted from publication	38	(21%)	3	(10%)	17	(25%)	15	(22%)	3	(20%)	0	(0%)
Unregistered primary outcomes added to publication	61	(34%)	9	(31%)	25	(37%)	25	(37%)	2	(13%)	0	(0%)
Registered secondary outcomes promoted in publication	18	(10%)	4	(14%)	5	(7%)	7	(10%)	2	(13%)	0	(0%)
Timing of assessment of primary outcomes differs	53	(29%)	9	(31%)	18	(26%)	18	(27%)	7	(47%)	1	(100%)
No. of major discrepancies between registry and publication	180		29		68		67		15		1
No reported p-values	7	(4%)	2	(7%)	1	(1%)	4	(6%)	0	(0%)	0	(0%)
Reported p-values	82	(46%)	15	(52%)	32	(47%)	30	(45%)	5	(33%)	0	(0%)
Major discrepancy favors statistical significance	54	(66%)	9	(60%)	19	(59%)	24	(80%)	2	(40%)	0	(0%)
Major discrepancy does not favor statistical significance	34	(41%)	6	(40%)	13	(41%)	6	(20%)	3	(60%)	0	(0%)
No. of RCTs containing major discrepancies favoring statistical significance	38		7		13		15		3		0