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. 2017 Jul 15;196(2):228–239. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201611-2365OC

Table 2.

Univariate Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Analysis Showing Prognostic Significance of Demographic, Right Heart Catheterization, and MRI Data for the Full Cohort

  Univariate Hazard Ratio Scaled Univariate Hazard Ratio P Value N
Demographics
  
  
  
  
 Age (dichotomized <50 and ≥50 yr) 4.092 (2.697–6.208)   <0.0001* 576
 Sex, female, % 0.794 (0.600–1.049)   0.105 576
 WHO function class        
  I and II vs. III and IV 1.876 (1.126–3.125)   0.016  
  I–III vs. IV 2.636 (1.912–3.634)   <0.0001*  
 IPAH 0.873 (0.669–1.140)   0.319  
 CTD 1.572 (1.202–2.056)   0.001*  
 Congenital 0.389 (0.212–0.713)   0.002  
 Other 0.971 (0.625–1.509)   0.897  
PAH therapy        
 Monotherapy oral 1.658 (1.281–2.239)   <0.0001 576
 Combination oral 0.684 (0.524–0.892)   0.005 576
 Prostanoid 0.946 (0.679–1.317)   0.742 576
RHC        
 mPAP, mm Hg 0.997 (0.987–1.008) 0.968 (0.842–1.112) 0.643 447
 mRAP, mm Hg 1.019 (0.994–1.045) 1.112 (0.967–1.279) 0.137 443
 PAWP, mm Hg 0.978 (0.938–1.019) 0.926 (0.804–1.067) 0.291 440
 Sv-O2, % 0.969 (0.955–0.983) 0.738 (0.644–0.847) <0.0001* 446
 CI, L/min/m2 0.826 (0.698–0.979) 0.840 (0.720–0.981) 0.027 446
 PVRI, dyn/s/cm3 1.008 (0.991–1.025) 1.065 (0.931–1.218) 0.359 440
Cardiac MR indices        
 RVEDVI %pred 1.005 (1.002–1.007) 1.244 (1.107–1.399) <0.0001* 576
 RVESVI %pred 1.003 (1.002–1.004) 1.403 (1.256–1.567) <0.0001* 576
 RVEF %pred 0.987 (0.981–0.993) 0.754 (0.662–0.860) <0.0001* 576
 RVSVI %pred 0.999 (0.995–1.003) 0.956 (0.838–1.091) 0.506 576
 LVEDVI %pred 0.990 (0.984–0.996) 0.998 (0.996–0.999) 0.002 576
 LVESVI %pred 0.998 (0.994–1.002) 0.999 (0.998–1.001) 0.359 576
 LVEF %pred 0.993 (0.985–1.001) 0.898 (0.790–1.022) 0.103 576
 LVSVI %pred 0.990 (0.983–0.996) 0.744 (0.619–0.896) 0.002 563
 RVEDMI %pred 1.001 (1.000–1.002) 1.149 (1.009–1.308) 0.036 563
 PA forward flow index, L/min/m2 0.851 (0.761–0.951) 0.797 (0.682–0.932) 0.004 556
PA stiffness metrics        
 PA relative area change 0.951 (0.932–0.971) 0.672 (0.569–0.794) <0.0001* 557
 PA distensibility 0.134 (0.045–0.401) 0.536 (0.381–0.754) <0.0001* 447
RV–PA coupling metrics        
 Ea, mm Hg/ml/m2 1.036 (0.942–1.140) 1.051 (0.920–1.201) 0.462 442
 Ees, mm Hg/ml/m2 0.921 (0.831–1.020) 0.793 (0.667–0.944) 0.112 447
 Ees/Ea ratio 0.549 (0.401–0.753) 0.777 (0.673–0.896) 0.001* 442
 MRI Ees /Ea ratio 0.525 (0.375–0.736) 0.739 (0.621–0.866) <0.0001* 576

Definition of abbreviations: CI = cardiac index; CTD = connective tissue disease; Ea = arterial load; Ees = RV elastance; IPAH = idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; LVEDVI = left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESVI = left ventricular end-systolic volume index; LVSVI = left ventricular stroke volume index; mPAP = mean pulmonary artery pressure; mRAP = mean right atrial pressure; MR = magnetic resonance; MRI = MR imaging; PA = pulmonary artery; PAH = pulmonary arterial hypertension; PAWP = pulmonary arterial wedge pressure; PVRI = pulmonary vascular resistance index; RHC = right heart catheterization; RV = right ventricular; RVEDMI = right ventricular end-diastolic mass index; RVEDVI = right ventricular end-diastolic volume index; RVEF = right ventricular ejection fraction; RVESVI = right ventricular end-systolic volume index; RVSVI = right ventricular stroke volume index; Sv-O2 = mixed venous oxygen saturation; WHO = World Health Organization.

N = 576 (211 deaths). Data in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals.

*

Significant after Bonferonni correction.