Table 5.

Multivariate Analyses Showing Independent Predictors of Outcome in the Whole PAH Cohort, All Incident Patients with PAH, and Incident Patients with IPAH and CTD

	Multivariate Hazard Ratio	P Value
Full cohort
Age >50 yr	2.787 (1.691–4.592)	<0.0001
Presence of CTD	1.421 (1.017–1.984)	0.039
Monotherapy vs. combination therapy	1.700 (1.200–2.409)	0.003
S$\stackrel{-}{\text{v}}$O2 (scaled)	0.792 (0.672–0.934)	0.006
RVESV %pred (scaled)	1.217 (1.061–1.539)	0.005
PA RAC (scaled)	0.762 (0.623–0.932)	0.008
Incident cases
Age >50 yr	2.324 (1.380–3.915)	0.002
Monotherapy vs. combination therapy	1.571 (1.087–2.270)	0.016
S$\stackrel{-}{\text{v}}$O2 (scaled)	0.790 (0.661–0.944)	0.009
RVESV %pred (scaled)	1.186 (1.015–1.385)	0.032
PA RAC (scaled)	0.741 (0.589–0.932)	0.010
IPAH
Age >50 yr	2.837 (1.200–6.708)	0.010
Female	0.583 (0.360–0.945)	0.029
S$\stackrel{-}{\text{v}}$O2 (scaled)	0.652 (0.495–0.858)	0.002
Ees (scaled)	0.781 (0.621–0.983)	0.035
RVESV %pred (scaled)	1.408 (1.147–1.729)	0.001
CTD-PAH
Monotherapy vs combination therapy	2.182 (1.282–3.714)	0.004
Ees/Ea (scaled)	0.757 (0.642–0.892)	0.001
PA RAC (scaled)	0.653 (0.496–0.859)	0.002

Definition of abbreviations: CTD = connective tissue disease; Ea = arterial load; Ees = RV elastance; IPAH = idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; PA RAC = pulmonary artery relative area change; PAH = pulmonary arterial hypertension; RVESV = right ventricular end-systolic volume; S$\stackrel{-}{\text{v}}$_O2 = mixed venous oxygen saturation.

Data in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals.