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. 2017 Jul 18;8:16023. doi: 10.1038/ncomms16023

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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We have fabricated by 3D printing followed by chemical metallization two subwavelength sized samples composed of conducting rods on a ground plane. (a) Picture of the topologically trivial sample made of shrunk hexagons. (b) Picture of the topologically nontrivial sample made of expanded hexagons. (c) Electric field amplitude spectrum in the bulk of the topologically trivial sample (spatially averaged). A complete band gap is observed (shaded frequency range). Outside of this gap, peaks correspond to efficient excitation of s, p, d and f type bulk Bloch modes, as confirmed by the electric field maps at these frequencies (e,f,g,h). (d) Same as (c) for the topologically nontrivial sample, demonstrating the topological band inversion phenomenon induced by subwavelength structural deformations, with the order of appearance of the p and d bands reversed with respect to the band gap. (i,j,k,l) Same as (e,f,g,h) for the topologically non-trivial sample.