Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 9234 participants from the Copenhagen City Heart Study
| Leucocyte DNA methylation of cg05575921, quintiles |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 1st (highest) | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th (lowest) | p Value* | |
| Number | 9234 | 1754 | 1783 | 1815 | 1862 | 2020 | – |
| AHRR (cg05575921) methylation extent, % | 56 (50–63) | 68 (65–71) | 62 (60–63) | 56 (54–58) | 51 (49–53) | 46 (44–48) | – |
| Women, n (%) | 5114 (55) | 1196 (68) | 1086 (61) | 935 (52) | 909 (49) | 988 (49) | 1×10−45 |
| Age, years | 60 (47–70) | 59 (45–71) | 62 (45–73) | 62 (49–72) | 60 (50–69) | 59 (47–67) | 0.0004 |
| Education below 10 years, n (%) | 5141 (56) | 826 (47) | 900 (50) | 991 (55) | 1158 (62) | 1266 (63) | 3×10−30 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25 (22–28) | 25 (23–28) | 25 (23–28) | 25 (23–28) | 25 (22–28) | 24 (22–27) | 2×10−18 |
| Registered COPD, n (%) | 152 (1.7) | 12 (0.7) | 15 (0.8) | 30 (1.7) | 38 (2.0) | 57 (2.8) | 3×10−7 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio <Lower limit of normal, n (%) | 1445 (16) | 106 (6) | 116 (7) | 261 (15) | 440 (24) | 522 (26) | 4×10−104 |
| Personal history of cancer, n (%) | 458 (5) | 89 (5) | 97 (5) | 86 (5) | 94 (5) | 92 (5) | 0.76 |
| Family history of lung cancer, n (%) | 855 (9) | 157 (9) | 139 (8) | 164 (9) | 168 (9) | 227 (11) | 0.006 |
| Ever smokers, n (%) | 7120 (77) | 796 (45) | 1029 (58) | 1493 (82) | 1802 (97) | 2000 (99) | <10−300 |
| Alcohol, g/week | 60 (12–156) | 48 (12–108) | 48 (12–120) | 72 (12–156) | 72 (24–180) | 84 (24–192) | 1×10−34 |
| Occupational exposure to dust or fumes, n (%) | 1713 (19) | 211 (12) | 239 (13) | 314 (17) | 438 (24) | 511 (25) | 1×10−36 |
| Exposure to passive smoking, n (%) | 3321 (36) | 458 (26) | 480 (27) | 600 (33) | 809 (44) | 974 (48) | 3×10−68 |
| Predicted 6-year lung cancer risk†, % | 0.69 (0.11–2.26) | 0.05 (9×10−4–0.42) | 0.16 (0.01–0.86) | 0.55 (0.09–2.04) | 1.14 (0.30–2.83) | 1.26 (0.36–3.09) | <10−300 |
Values are median (IQR) for continuous variables and frequencies for categorical variables.
*p Values were calculated with Cuzick’s extension of the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (age, alcohol and predicted lung cancer risk) or Pearson's χ2-test (categorical variables).
†As defined in NEJM 2013;368:728–36. Smokers only.