FIG 11.

Effect of bafilomycin A1 on ArtB-induced cytoskeletal disorganization. Vero cells were pretreated with bafilomycin A1 (10 nM) for 1 h or left untreated (control cells) and then incubated with ArtB (0, 1, or 10 μg/ml) for 4 h, after which cells were fixed and permeabilized, F-actin was stained with 5 U/ml Alexa Flour 594-phalloidin, and cells were then examined by using an EVOS-fl high-resolution digital inverted fluorescence microscope. Bar, 25 μm.