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Schematic model of the possible mechanism of HIF-1α involvement in H1N1 infection-induced inflammation. In this process, the nuclear translocation of HIF-1α, induced by H1N1 infection, might promote the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in H1N1 infection. Alveolar hypoxia induced by lung inflammation, upregulates HIF-1α protein expression. Importantly, the nuclear translocation of HIF-1α induced by H1N1 infection plays an important role in this vicious cycle.
