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. 2017 Jun 15;8(6):e2878. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2017.275

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

Cell Death and Disease is an open-access journal published by Nature Publishing Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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LiCl inhibits GSK-3β activation and upregulates β-catenin expression in Ti particle-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were pretreated with 10 mM LiCl for 2 h, and then cultured in osteogenic medium containing 0.1 mg/ml Ti particles for 24 h. (a) pSer9-GSK-3β and GSK-3β were determined by western blot. (b and c) Cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts were isolated and analyzed by western blot analysis using β-catenin antibody. (d and e) Gene expression of ctnnb1 and axin-2 was identified using RT-PCR. (f) Luciferase activity was measured in cell lysates. *P<0.05 versus control group; ^#P<0.05 versus Ti group; ^&P<0.05 versus LiCl group