T cells from β-cell scaffolds have partially overlapping TCR repertoires with pancreas-derived T cells. β-Cell or control scaffolds were implanted in NOD mice for 14 days. Cells were extracted from β-cell and control scaffolds, spleens, and pancreata. CD4+ T cells were sorted, and their TCRβ chains were sequenced. A: Distribution of TCR Vβ-region usage in T cells from β-cell and control scaffolds, spleens, and pancreata. B: TCRβ sequences from CD4+ T-cell populations in β-cell and control scaffolds, pancreata, and spleens were used to calculate the clonality of each population. C: TCRβ protein sequences that overlapped between scaffolds and pancreata. The number of times each sequence was found in pancreata and β-cell scaffolds or control scaffolds (D) are plotted. The dotted lines mark 3 SDs above the mean and represent highly expanded clones in each tissue. Scafβ-cell, β-cell scaffolds; ScafCtrl, control scaffolds.