Table 3.
Age- and sex-stratified analyses and cumulative incidence risks, %, and hazard ratio of dementia in heart failure patients and members of the general population
| 1–10 years | 11–35 years | 1–35 years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Cumulative incidence risk, % (95% CI) | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)* | Cumulative incidence risk, % (95% CI) | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)* | Cumulative incidence risk, % (95% CI) | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)* | |
| All-cause dementia | ||||||
| Male | 4.60 (4.46 – 4.73) | 1.31 (1.27–1.37) | 7.69 (7.07 – 8.34) | 1.26 (1.13–1.40) | 6.29 (6.10 – 6.49) | 1.31 (1.26–1.36) |
| Female | 6.22 (6.07 – 6.39) | 1.14 (1.11–1.18) | 9.79 (9.07 – 10.54) | 1.18 (1.07–1.29) | 8.17 (7.95 – 8.38) | 1.15 (1.11–1.18) |
| <60 y | 1.05 (0.92 – 1.19) | 2.50 (2.02–3.08) | 4.90 (4.15 – 5.73) | 1.56 (1.29–1.89) | 3.77 (3.33 – 4.25) | 1.93 (1.68–2.23) |
| 60–69 y | 3.03 (2.86 – 3.22) | 1.71 (1.57–1.86) | 10.77 (9.87 – 11.72) | 1.31 (1.17–1.46) | 6.52 (6.18 – 6.88) | 1.56 (1.46–1.66) |
| 70–79 y | 6.25 (6.07 – 6.45) | 1.24 (1.20–1.29) | 10.88 (10.12 – 11.67) | 1.06 (0.95–1.18) | 8.13 (7.90 – 8.36) | 1.22 (1.18–1.27) |
| 80+ y | 7.51 (7.31 – 7.73) | 1.06 (1.03–1.10) | 6.33 (5.33 – 7.43) | 0.80 (0.57–1.12) | 7.85 (7.64 – 8.07) | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) |
| Alzheimer’s disease | ||||||
| Male | 1.32 (1.24 – 1.39) | 1.13 (1.06–1.21) | 1.82 (1.50 – 2.19) | 0.80 (0.65–1.00) | 1.72 (1.62 – 1.83) | 1.09 (1.02–1.16) |
| Female | 1.89 (1.80 – 1.98) | 0.95 (0.90–1.01) | 2.69 (2.20 – 3.24) | 0.86 (0.73–1.02) | 2.43 (2.29 – 2.57) | 0.94 (0.89–0.99) |
| <60 y | 0.13 (0.09 – 0.18) | 2.73 (1.51–4.92) | 1.40 (0.98 – 1.94) | 1.07 (0.74–1.56) | 0.90 (0.67 – 1.21) | 1.35 (1.00–1.84) |
| 60–69 y | 0.76 (0.67 – 0.85) | 1.22 (1.05–1.42) | 2.78 (2.29 – 3.35) | 0.98 (0.79–1.20) | 1.66 (1.48 – 1.87) | 1.14 (1.01–1.28) |
| 70–79 y | 2.05 (1.94 – 2.16) | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 2.68 (2.30 – 3.11) | 0.69 (0.56–0.85) | 2.52 (2.39 – 2.65) | 1.01 (0.94–1.07) |
| 80+ y | 2.17 (2.06 – 2.29) | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.86 (0.52 – 1.35) | 0.35 (0.13–0.92) | 2.22 (2.10 – 2.34) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) |
| Vascular dementia | ||||||
| Male | 0.83 (0.77 – 0.89) | 1.47 (1.34–1.62) | 1.47 (1.22 – 1.76) | 1.70 (1.31–2.21) | 1.16 (1.07 – 1.24) | 1.50 (1.37–1.64) |
| Female | 0.88 (0.82 – 0.94) | 1.48 (1.35–1.62) | 1.50 (1.23 – 1.81) | 1.64 (1.28–2.11) | 1.18 (1.10 – 1.27) | 1.50 (1.38–1.64) |
| <60 y | 0.25 (0.19 – 0.33) | 4.43 (2.65–7.41) | 1.11 (0.79 – 1.53) | 2.41 (1.54–3.76) | 0.87 (0.68 – 1.11) | 3.27 (2.36–4.53) |
| 60–69 y | 0.71 (0.62 – 0.80) | 2.48 (2.05–3.01) | 2.21 (1.80 – 2.68) | 1.91 (1.46–2.50) | 1.43 (1.27 – 1.60) | 2.24 (1.92–2.62) |
| 70–79 y | 1.07 (0.99 – 1.15) | 1.54 (1.39–1.70) | 1.36 (1.09 – 1.67) | 1.23 (0.89–1.68) | 1.31 (1.22 – 1.41) | 1.50 (1.36–1.66) |
| 80+ y | 0.94 (0.86 – 1.01) | 1.13 (1.02–1.26) | 0.62 (0.34 – 1.04) | 0.53 (0.16–1.80) | 0.97 (0.89 – 1.05) | 1.13 (1.01–1.25) |
| Other dementias | ||||||
| Male | 2.46 (2.36 – 2.56) | 1.41 (1.33–1.48) | 4.47 (3.99 – 4.98) | 1.43 (1.24–1.66) | 3.45 (3.31 – 3.60) | 1.41 (1.34–1.48) |
| Female | 3.47 (3.35 – 3.60) | 1.22 (1.17–1.28) | 5.72 (5.25 – 6.22) | 1.30 (1.15–1.47) | 4.62 (4.47 – 4.78) | 1.23 (1.18–1.29) |
| <60 y | 0.67 (0.57 – 0.79) | 2.24 (1.72–2.93) | 2.44 (1.94 – 3.03) | 1.63 (1.24–2.15) | 2.02 (1.72 – 2.37) | 1.93 (1.60–2.33) |
| 60–69 y | 1.58 (1.45 – 1.71) | 1.92 (1.70–2.16) | 5.94 (5.26 – 6.68) | 1.39 (1.19–1.63) | 3.51 (3.26 – 3.79) | 1.70 (1.55–1.87) |
| 70–79 y | 3.15 (3.02 – 3.29) | 1.34 (1.26–1.42) | 6.95 (6.33 – 7.60) | 1.29 (1.13–1.48) | 4.36 (4.19 – 4.54) | 1.33 (1.26–1.41) |
| 80+ y | 4.43 (4.27 – 4.60) | 1.14 (1.08–1.19) | 4.87 (4.00 – 5.86) | 0.95 (0.63–1.42) | 4.69 (4.52 – 4.87) | 1.13 (1.08–1.19) |
CI, confidence interval.
*
Controlled for matching factors by study design and adjusted for stroke, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, myocardial infarction, stable angina pectoris, valvular heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, myxedema, alcoholism-related disease, head trauma, osteoarthritis, anemia, chronic kidney disease, and a modified CCI score.