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. 2017 Jul 21;7:6120. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05040-6

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cholesterol and bile acids were dramatically increased in HFHCC diet-induced NASH. (A) In the liver, total cholesterol was significantly increased in mice fed the HFHCC diet compared to controls. Free cholesterol (FC) was slightly but significantly elevated; all the different cholesteryl esters (CE) detected were markedly increased. The level of cholic acid (CA), the major bile acid formed in the liver was strikingly higher in mice fed the HFHCC diet, compared to the control group. (B) In the plasma, total cholesterol was again significantly increased in mice fed the HFHCC diet compared to controls. Plasma FC levels were not altered after HFHCC diet. All CE species, except CE 20:4 and 22:6, were significantly elevated in plasma from the HFHCC diet-fed mice compared to controls. Levels of CA and deoxycholic acid (DCA) after the HFHCC diet were markedly increased in plasma compared to controls (^#p = 0.008/adjusted p = 0.12; *adjusted p < 0.05; n = 6 mice for HFHCC diet, n = 8 for Control diet).