Table 2.
Correlates of Current Tobacco Use and Current Flavored Tobacco Use Among Youtha
| Variables | Model A. Adjusted prevalence ratios for current tobacco use among ever tobacco users in the youth sample (Unweighted N=2,126) | Model B. Adjusted prevalence ratios for current flavored tobacco use among current tobacco users in the youth sample (Unweighted N=886) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| %b | APR | 95% CI | %b | APR | 95% CI | |
|
|
||||||
| Overallc | 42% | 83% | ||||
| Agee | 15.88 (0.04)d | 1.17 | (1.11, 1.24) | 15.90 (0.04)d | 0.98 | (0.95, 1.01) |
| Gendere | ||||||
| Male | 45% | Ref | 85% | Ref | ||
| Female | 40% | 0.86 | (0.79, 0.95) | 81% | 0.95 | (0.89, 1.01) |
| Racee | ||||||
| White | 43% | Ref | 83% | Ref | ||
| Black/African American | 42% | 0.97 | (0.84, 1.12) | 83% | 1.01 | (0.91, 1.11) |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 51% | 1.22 | (0.95, 1.57) | 91% | 1.05 | (0.91, 1.22) |
| Asian | 37% | 0.76 | (0.48, 1.20) | 76% | 0.97 | (0.70, 1.32) |
| Native | 30% | 0.90 | (0.59, 1.37) | 68% | 0.84 | (0.58, 1.21) |
| Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 2+ races | 38% | 0.87 | (0.74, 1.03) | 86% | 1.03 | (0.93, 1.14) |
| Hispanice | ||||||
| No | 44% | Ref | 83% | Ref | ||
| Yes | 36% | 0.80 | (0.70, 0.90) | 82% | 1.01 | (0.94, 1.10) |
| High school enrollment or completionf | ||||||
| No | 27% | Ref | 75% | Ref | ||
| Yes | 45% | 0.95 | (0.74, 1.23) | 84% | 1.15 | (0.98, 1.35) |
| Number of tobacco products currently used | 1.90 (0.04)d | 1.09 | (1.06, 1.12) | |||
| First tobacco use was flavored | ||||||
| No | 39% | Ref | 71% | Ref | ||
| Yes | 44% | 1.13 | (1.02, 1.26) | 88% | 1.21 | (1.11, 1.32) |
| Age at first tobacco use | ||||||
| <12 | 39% | 1.22 | (1.06, 1.40) | 86% | 1.00 | (0.90, 1.10) |
| 12–14 | 44% | 1.26 | (1.14, 1.40) | 82% | 0.96 | (0.89, 0.00) |
| 15–17 | 41% | Ref | 84% | Ref | ||
| Perception that flavored tobacco is easier to use than non-flavored | ||||||
| No | 39% | Ref | 78% | Ref | ||
| Yes | 44% | 1.00 | (0.89, 1.12) | 85% | 0.95 | (0.87, 1.03) |
| Past 30-day alcohol use | ||||||
| No | 34% | Ref | 81% | Ref | ||
| Yes | 64% | 1.37 | (1.22, 1.52) | 86% | 1.03 | (0.96, 1.10) |
| Past 30-day marijuana use | ||||||
| No | 34% | Ref | 81% | Ref | ||
| Yes | 73% | 1.64 | (1.49, 1.80) | 86% | 1.01 | (0.94, 1.09) |
| Substance use scale | ||||||
| Lowg | 35% | Ref | 81% | Ref | ||
| Moderate | 59% | 1.23 | (1.09, 1.40) | 87% | 1.00 | (0.93, 1.07) |
| High | 67% | 1.35 | (1.16, 1.57) | 83% | 0.96 | (0.87, 1.06) |
| Internalizing scale | ||||||
| Low | 40% | Ref | 81% | Ref | ||
| Moderate | 43% | 1.09 | (0.96, 1.25) | 82% | 1.01 | (0.92, 1.10) |
| High | 44% | 1.08 | (0.93, 1.26) | 85% | 1.09 | (1.00, 1.19) |
| Externalizing scale | ||||||
| Low | 46% | Ref | 79% | Ref | ||
| Moderate | 36% | 0.70 | (0.59, 0.82) | 87% | 1.08 | (0.99, 1.18) |
| High | 45% | 0.79 | (0.67, 0.92) | 83% | 1.01 | (0.92, 1.11) |
Notes: Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05). Respondents with missing outcome variables or missing covariates were excluded from the respective model’s analytic sample. Missingness for Model A=Gender (n=3; 0.1%), race (n=16; 0.4%), education (n=145; 4.9%), first tobacco use was flavored (n=79; 2.7%), age at tobacco trial (n=41; 1.4%), ease of use (n=34; 12.4%), alcohol (n=7; 0.2%), marijuana (n=18; 0.6%), substance use scale (n=97; 3.4%), internalizing scale (n=53; 1.8%), and externalizing scale (n=94; 3.1%). Missingness for Model B=Race (n=8; 0.5%), education (n=82; 6.5%), first tobacco use was flavored (n=33; 2.7%), ease of use (n=101; 8.7%), age at tobacco trial (n=1; 0.1%), marijuana (n=11; 0.8%), alcohol (n=2; 0.2%), substance use scale (n=41; 3.4%), internalizing scale (n=27; 2.2%), and externalizing scale (n=38; 2.9%).
Percentages are weighted to represent the U.S. youth population and CIs are estimated using the balanced repeated replication (BRR) method.
Row percentages presented for prevalence of current tobacco use among ever tobacco users (Model A) and prevalence of flavored tobacco use among current tobacco users (Model B) across different correlates.
Prevalence of the outcome among youth ever tobacco users included in the analytic sample in Model A and current (past 30 day) tobacco users included in the analytic sample in Model B.
Mean and linearized standard error among ever tobacco users (Model A) and current tobacco users (Model B).
Missing data on age, gender, race, and Hispanic ethnicity were logically assigned from household screener data, as described in the PATH Restricted Use File User’s Guide.37
Youth who are not enrolled in school, are home schooled, or are in ungraded schools were treated as missing. Individuals who had completed high school are treated as “yes”.
Never users of all of the following substances: alcohol, marijuana, painkillers, Ritalin, cocaine, stimulants, and “other drugs like heroin or ecstasy” are treated as “Low”.
Source: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health, 2013–2014
APR, adjusted prevalence ratio