Table 1.
Study sample of 90 blepharospasm patients, with subgroups according to frown line involvement
| Item | All patients | Blepharospasm subgroups
|
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excluding frown lines | Including frown lines | |||
| Number | 90 | 45 | 45 | |
| Females | 68% | 60% | 76% | 0.11F |
| Age (years) | 67 (27–86) | 67 (27–86, 63–70) | 67 (43–83, 64–69) | 0.56M |
| Age at disease onset (years) | 60 (15–69) | 60 (15–69, 53–59) | 58 (30–68, 52–58) | 0.61M |
| Disease duration (years) | 9.5 (1–44) | 10 (1–40, 8–13) | 8 (2–44, 8–14) | 0.73M |
| Disease severity score (JRS) | 6 (3–8) | 6 (3–7, 5–6) | 6 (4–8, 5.9–6.4) | 0.36M |
| BoNT treatments (n) | 19 (1–101) | 18 (1–97, 18–33) | 19 (1–101, 21–36) | 0.44M |
| BDI score | 7 (0–31) | 7 (0–31, 6–10) | 6 (0–24, 6–10) | 0.91M |
| BDI score ≥10 (n) | 28 (31%) | 12 (27%) | 16 (36%) | 0.50F |
| Antidepressants (n) | 8 (9%) | 2 (4%) | 6 (13%) | 0.26F |
Notes: All results are given in median, range, and 95% CI, if not stated otherwise.
F
Fisher’s exact test;
M
Mann–Whitney test.
Abbreviations: BDI, Beck’s Depression Inventory; BoNT, botulinum neurotoxin; JRS, Jankovic Rating Scale.