Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients Receiving Office-Based Opioid Treatment with Buprenorphine at Boston Medical Center Primary Care - Overall and Stratified by Very Early Disengagement Status
| Patient Characteristic | Overall (N = 1234) N(%) or mean (SD) |
Disengaged within 1 Month (N = 104) N(%) or mean (SD) |
Remained in Treatment for > 1 month (N = 1130) N(%) or mean (SD) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Enrollment (N = 1218) | 38 (11) | 38 (11) | 38 (11) | 0.70 |
|
| ||||
| Male Sex (N = 1218) | 756 (62.1%) | 61 (64.2%) | 695 (61.9%) | 0.65 |
|
| ||||
| Race (N = 1197) | ||||
| White | 806 (67.3%) | 46 (50.5%) | 760 (68.7%) | |
| Black | 182 (15.2%) | 21 (23.1%) | 161 (14.6%) | 0.006 |
| Hispanic | 191 (16.0%) | 22 (24.2%) | 169 (15.3%) | |
| Other | 18 (1.5%) | 2 (2.2%) | 16 (1.4%) | |
|
| ||||
| HS/GED† or Greater Level of Education (N = 980) | 627 (64.0%) | 41 (69.5%) | 586 (63.6%) | 0.36 |
|
| ||||
| Unemployed (N = 1157) | 748 (64.1%) | 62 (70.5%) | 686 (63.6%) | 0.20 |
|
| ||||
| Comorbid Psychiatric Diagnosis at Initiation | ||||
| ADHD‡ (N = 1234) | 28 (2.3%) | 1 (1.0%) | 27 (2.4%) | 0.35 |
| Anxiety (N = 1234) | 231 (18.7%) | 18 (17.3%) | 213 (18.8%) | 0.70 |
| Bipolar/Mania (N = 1234) | 99 (8.0%) | 8 (7.7%) | 91 (8.1%) | 0.90 |
| Depression (N = 1234) | 397 (32.2%) | 39 (37.5%) | 358 (31.7%) | 0.22 |
| Schizophrenia (N = 1234) | 42 (3.4%) | 9 (8.7%) | 33 (2.9%) | 0.002 |
|
| ||||
| Urine Test Positive | ||||
| Amphetamines (N = 1127) | 37 (3.3%) | 3 (4.8%) | 34 (3.2%) | 0.48 |
| Benzodiazepines (N = 1127) | 131 (11.6%) | 7 (11.3%) | 124 (11.6%) | 0.91 |
| Cocaine (N = 1127) | 213 (18.9%) | 22 (35.5%) | 191 (17.9%) | <0.001 |
| Methadone (N = 888) | 73 (8.2%) | 11 (21.2%) | 62 (7.4%) | <0.001 |
| Opiates (N = 1127) | 433 (38.4%) | 39 (62.9%) | 394 (37.0%) | <0.001 |
| Oxycodone (N = 838) | 71 (8.5%) | 9 (19.1%) | 62 (7.8%) | 0.007 |
|
| ||||
| Current Smoker (N = 388) | 303 (78.1%) | 19 (73.1%) | 284 (78.5%) | 0.52 |
|
| ||||
| Current Alcohol Use (N = 1234) | 224 (18.2%) | 20 (19.2%) | 204 (18.1%) | 0.77 |
|
| ||||
| Age of First Opioid Exposure (N = 1169) | 22 (8) | 23 (9) | 22 (8) | 0.72 |
|
| ||||
| Length of Addiction History in Years (N = 1153) | 15 (11) | 16 (11) | 15 (10) | 0.54 |
|
| ||||
| Prior History of Buprenorphine Treatment (N = 1234) | 409 (33.1%) | 27 (26.0%) | 382 (33.8%) | 0.10 |
|
| ||||
| Prior History of Methadone Treatment (N = 1234) | 398 (32.3%) | 37 (35.6%) | 361 (31.9%) | 0.45 |
|
| ||||
| Transferring from Buprenorphine Maintenance Treatment (N = 1234)* | 238 (19.3%) | 2 (1.9%) | 236 (20.9%) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Transferring from Methadone Maintenance Treatment (N = 1234) | 90 (7.3%) | 15 (14.4%) | 75 (6.6%) | 0.004 |
|
| ||||
| Types of Opioids Used (N = 1234) | ||||
| Used Heroin Only | 512 (41.5%) | 56 (53.8%) | 456 (40.4%) | |
| Used Opioid Pills Only | 157 (12.7%) | 9 (8.7%) | 148 (13.1%) | 0.03 |
| Used Heroin and Opioid Pills | 565 (45.8%) | 39 (37.5%) | 526 (46.5%) | |
†
High School/General Education Development
‡
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder
*
Fisher’s exact test was used