Table 3.
Regression of Waist Circumference (cm) at Wave IV (2008–2009) based on latent class analysis smoking trajectory (n=13242)*
| Full Multivariate Model | Male | Female | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| β* | (95% Confidence Interval)* | β* | (95% Confidence Interval)* | β* | (95% Confidence Interval)* | |
| Smoking trajectory | ||||||
| Nonsmokers | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Early establishers | −2.20*** | (−3.05, −1.36) | −2.35*** | (−3.55, −1.17) | −2.13*** | (−3.31, −0.94) |
| Late establishers | −1.08* | (−2.06, −0.10) | −1.67** | (−2.73, −0.61) | 0.05 | (−1.66, −0.77) |
| Former smoker | −1.05* | (−1.85, −0.24) | −0.94 | (−2.25, 0.37) | −1.04 | (−2.16, 0.08) |
|
| ||||||
| BMI (Wave I) | 2.32*** | (2.23, 2.41) | 2.13*** | (2.02, 2.24) | 2.53*** | (2.41, 2.66) |
|
| ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | Reference | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Male | 2.50*** | (1.79, 3.20) | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| ||||||
| Age (Wave IV) | −0.56*** | (−0.76, −0.36) | −0.62*** | (−0.86, −0.37) | −0.48** | (−0.79, −0.17) |
|
| ||||||
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
| White | Reference | --- | Reference | --- | Reference | --- |
| Black/African American | −1.02* | (−2.00, −0.04) | −1.83** | (−3.20, −0.47) | −0.31 | (−1.73, 1.11) |
| Hispanic/Latino | −1.30* | (−2.34, −0.25) | 0.07 | (−1.29, 1.43) | −2.87** | (−4.67, −1.29) |
| Asian | −4.57*** | (−6.06, −3.07) | −4.41*** | (−6.27, −2.54) | −4.58*** | (−6.69, −2.48) |
| Other | −1.74 | (−4.18, 0.70) | 0.62 | (−3.03, 4.28) | −3.74** | (−6.30, −1.19) |
|
| ||||||
| Parental income (Wave I) | ||||||
| Household income less than $25,000 | Reference | --- | Reference | --- | Reference | --- |
| $25,000 to less than $50,000 | −0.27 | (−1.30, 0.75) | −0.88 | (−2.25, 0.48) | 0.76 | (−0.67, 2.19) |
| $50,000 to less than $75,000 | −1.11* | (−2.11, −0.11) | −0.80 | (−2.08, 0.48) | −1.38 | (−3.01, 0.25) |
| More than $75,000 | −0.69 | (−1.87, 0.49) | −0.11 | (−1.75, 1.52) | −1.26 | (−3.08, 0.56) |
|
| ||||||
| Young adult educational attainment (Wave IV) | ||||||
| Less than high school | Reference | --- | Reference | --- | Reference | --- |
| High School | 0.62 | (−0.68, 1.91) | −0.01 | (−1.57, 1.56) | 1.49 | (−0.77, 3.75) |
| Some college/technical school | 0.50 | (−0.69, 1.68) | 0.87 | (−0.61, 2.34) | −0.46 | (−2.42, 1.49) |
| College | −2.78*** | (−4.09, −1.47) | −1.44 | (−3.09, 0.22) | −4.67*** | (−6.75, −2.59) |
| Grad/professional school | −3.83*** | (−5.24, −2.42) | −1.71 | (−3.66, 0.24) | −5.87*** | (−7.98, −3.77) |
*
Adjusted models controlling for age, race/ethnicity, parental income, and adolescent BMI at Wave I and educational status at Wave IV. The full multivariate model also controls for sex. Excludes women who are pregnant at Wave IV and individuals on active military duty at Wave IV.
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001