Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of individuals eligible for 2-year ACR changes, further stratified by pre-specified ACR-fold changes.
| Overall | 4+ fold decrease | 2–4 fold decrease | Stable | 2–4 fold increase | 4+ fold increase | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 19897 | 1977 | 2511 | 10568 | 2817 | 2024 |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59 (18) | 56 (20) | 59 (18) | 59 (18) | 60 (18) | 60 (19) |
| Women, n(%) | 8105 (41%) | 912 (46%) | 1044 (42%) | 4063 (38%) | 1160 (41%) | 926 (46%) |
| Diabetes Mellitus, n(%) | 12090 (61%) | 1015 (51%) | 1512 (60%) | 6511 (62%) | 1791 (64%) | 1261 (62%) |
| Hypertension, n(%) | 13671 (69%) | 1363 (69%) | 1699 (68%) | 7146 (68%) | 1992 (71%) | 1471 (73%) |
| Cardiovascular disease, n(%) | 3191 (16%) | 307 (16%) | 375 (15%) | 1623 (15%) | 481 (17%) | 405 (20%) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 4.9 (1.1) | 5.2 (1.3) | 5.0 (1.2) | 4.9 (1.1) | 4.9 (1.1) | 4.9 (1.1) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2), mean (SD) | 81 (30) | 82 (35) | 82 (29) | 82 (28) | 80 (29) | 77 (35) |
| ACR (mg/mmoL), median (IQR) | 1.9 (0.8–8.5) | 11 (3–45) | 3 (1–14) | 2 (1, 6) | 1 (1–5) | 1 (1–4) |
| ACR (mg/g), median (IQR) | 16 (7–75) | 97 (27–398) | 27 (9–124) | 13 (6, 57) | 9 (9–44) | 9 (9–35) |
| Number of ACR tests, median (IQR) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–5.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) |
| ACR <30 mg/g, n(%) | 12171 (61%) | 495 (25%) | 1279 (51%) | 6949 (66%) | 1977 (70%) | 1471 (73%) |
| ACR 30–299 mg/g, n(%) | 5495 (28%) | 916 (46%) | 879 (35%) | 2571 (24%) | 667 (24%) | 462 (23%) |
| ACR 300+ mg/g, n(%) | 2231 (11%) | 566 (29%) | 353 (14%) | 1048 (10%) | 173 (6%) | 91 (4%) |
| ACR fold-change, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) | 0.14 (0.08–0.20) | 0.38 (0.32–0.44) | 1.01 (0.75, 1.41) | 2.63 (2.28–3.14) | 6.95 (5.00–12.62) |
| Median ACR (IQR) across ACR categories | ||||||
| ACR < 30 mg/g | 8 (4, 14) | 16 (10, 22) | 12 (8, 18) | 8 (4, 13) | 7 (4, 12) | 7 (4, 12) |
| ACR 30–299 mg/g | 74 (45, 132) | 90 (51, 147) | 75 (43, 141) | 72 (45, 128) | 69 (43, 119) | 69 (42, 122) |
| ACR 300+ mg/g | 806 (482, 1639) | 880 (492, 2092) | 911 (518, 1872) | 839 (491, 1627) | 613 (412, 1008) | 558 (404, 832) |
ACR, albumin to creatinine ratio; SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; ESRD, end-stage renal disease