Table 1.

Definition of febrile neutropenia and risk assessment model for serious infections.

Definition of low-risk febrile neutropenia

(i) Neutrophil count (<500 cells/μL)

(ii) Fever (one axillary temperature >38°C, or 3 measures >37.5 and <38°C, with a 4-hour interval between measurements, in 24 hours)

(iii) Solid tumors without comorbidities (see below)

(iv) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission without comorbidities

(v) Lymphomas in remission without comorbidities (vi) C-reactive protein (CRP) (<90 mg/L)

(vii) Treatment: outpatient (daily monitoring until the end of antibiotic therapy)

Definition of high-risk febrile neutropenia

(i) Neutrophil count (<500 cells/μL)

(ii) Fever (one axillary temperature >38°C, or 3 measures >37.5 and <38°C, with a 4-hour interval between measurements, in 24 hours)

(iii) Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in activity or remission

(iv) Solid tumors with comorbidities (see below) or treated with high-dose chemotherapy

(v) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in activity or comorbidities

(vi) Lymphomas in activity or comorbidities

(vii) CRP >90 mg/L

(viii) Treatment: in hospital

Comorbidities

(i) Meningitis, pneumonia, diarrhea or vomiting, mucositis grade 3 or 4, hypotension, signs of sepsis or bacteremia, metabolic changes, disease activity with medullary invasion, age <3 years, suspected catheter-related infections, severe abdominal pain or abdominal distension, radiologic findings suggestive of typhlitis, perianal abscess