Table 2. Baseline characteristics according to extent of chronic microvascular brain tissue changes.
| Variable | No/mild leukoaraiosis (n = 28) | Moderate/severe leukoaraiosis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| (n = 28) | + clinically silentchronic lacunarinfarcts (n = 21) | |||
| Gender, male, n (%) | 12 (43) | 14 (50) | 12 (57) | |
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 62.1 ± 7.7 | 66.6 ± 7.3* | 65.4 ± 8 | |
| Vascular risk factors, n (%) | ||||
| Arterial hypertension | 23 (82) | 26 (93) | 19 (90) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 7 (25) | 11 (39) | 7 (33) | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 18 (64) | 15 (54) | 12 (57) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (11) | 5 (18) | 2 (10) | |
| Tobacco use | 4 (14) | 8 (29) | 7 (33) | |
| Coronary artery disease | 0 | 4 (14) | 4 (19)* | |
| Clinical data | ||||
| Acute ischemic stroke, n (%) | 20(71) | 26 (93) | 19 (90) | |
| TIA, n (%) | 8 (29) | 2 (7) | 2 (9) | |
| IV thrombolysis, n (%) | 6 (21) | 3 (11) | 31 (49) | |
| NIHSS, median (range) | 1 (0–15) | 2 (0–7) | 2 (0–7) | |
| BMI, median (range) | 26 (20–32) | 27 (17–41) | 26 (17–41) | |
| ESS, median (range) | 5 (0–11) | 6 (0–13) | 6 (3–13) | |
| AHI, mean ± SD | 12.8 ± 10.5 | 34.4 ± 19.8* | 32.7 ± 18.5* | |
| Sleep apnea, n (%) | 23 (82) | 28 (100)* | 21 (100)* | |
| Mild | 13 (46) | 5 (18)* | 3 (14)* | |
| Moderate | 8 (29) | 9 (32) | 9 (43) | |
| Severe | 2 (7) | 14 (50)* | 9 (43)* | |
Comparisons were made between no/mild and moderate/severe leukoaraiosis groups TIA transient ischemic attack, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, BMI body mass index, ESS Epworth sleepiness scale, AHI apnea-hypopnea index, mRS modified Rankin scale
*
Indicates p value< 0.05