Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Participants by Tertiles of HOMA‐IR and the McAuley Index
| Tertiles of HOMA‐IR | Tertiles of McAuley Index | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <2.4 (N=1387) | 2.4 to 3.8 (N=1385) | >3.8 (N=1387) | <6.1 (N=1386) | 6.1 to 7.4 (N=1386) | >7.4 (N=1387) | |
| Age, y | 53.3±13.2 | 54.1±13.1 | 54.2±12.0§ | 54.7±11.9 | 54.8±12.8 | 52.1±13.4 |
| Women, n (%) | 826 (59.5) | 920 (66.4) | 925 (66.7) | 868 (62.6) | 923 (66.6) | 880 (63.4)§ |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 123.7±18.4 | 126.1±17.8 | 128.0±17.7 | 128.3±17.4 | 126.7±18.0 | 122.9±18.3 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 78.6±10.5 | 79.2±10.1 | 80.1±10.4‡ | 80.4±10.3 | 79.2±10.3 | 78.3±10.3 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9±5.8 | 31.7±6.5 | 35.2±7.4 | 34.2±6.9 | 31.9±7.2 | 28.7±6.6 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 90.4±12.5 | 100.0±13.9 | 109.1±15.9 | 107.4±15.3 | 100.6±15.0 | 91.5±13.8 |
| LDL‐cholesterol, mg/dL | 123.7±35.5 | 129.5±35.0 | 128.8±38.3 | 131.9±39.9 | 130.7±35.0 | 119.5±32.7 |
| HDL‐cholesterol, mg/dL | 56.7±16.0 | 51.6±13.3 | 47.7±12.9 | 45.9±12.3 | 52.2±13.3 | 58.0±15.3 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.4±0.5 | 5.6±0.7 | 6.3±1.4 | 6.1±1.2 | 5.8±1.0 | 5.5±0.7 |
| At least college education, n (%) | 851 (61.6) | 820 (59.5) | 785 (56.8)‡ | 807 (58.4) | 780 (56.4) | 869 (63.0)† |
| Hypertension status, n (%) | 342 (24.7) | 339 (24.9) | 422 (30.4)* | 425 (30.7) | 358 (25.9) | 320 (23.1) |
| Incident composite events, n (%) | 61 (4.4) | 76 (5.5) | 83 (5.9)§ | 87 (6.3) | 72 (5.2) | 61 (4.4)§ |
| Aldosterone∥, ng/dL | 3.7 (3.8) | 4.2 (4.1) | 5.4 (5.5) | 5.2 (5.5) | 4.3 (4.2) | 3.6 (3.8) |
| Adiponectin∥, μg/mL | 5.7 (5.1) | 4.4 (3.8) | 3.1 (2.7) | 3.1 (2.7) | 4.1 (3.5) | 5.8 (5.3) |
| Hs‐CRP∥, mg/L | 1.6 (3.2) | 2.6 (4.5) | 3.7 (5.5) | 3.4 (5.2) | 2.83 (5.9) | 1.6 (3.3) |
| eGFR, mL/min | 88.4±16.2 | 86.7±16.4 | 86.7±18.1‡ | 86.0±17.7 | 86.3±16.8 | 89.5±16.1 |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 208 (15.1) | 158 (11.5) | 135 (9.8) | 176 (12.8) | 142 (10.3) | 183 (13.3)‡ |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 725 (52.6) | 677 (49.1) | 594 (43.0) | 632 (45.8) | 659 (47.7) | 705 (51.2)‡ |
| Physical activity, n (%) | ||||||
| AHA I | 593 (42.8) | 625 (45.2) | 724 (52.2) | 695 (50.1) | 659 (47.6) | 588 (42.4)* |
| AHA II | 452 (32.6) | 469 (33.9) | 446 (32.2) | 446 (32.2) | 438 (31.6) | 483 (34.9) |
| AHA III | 341 (24.6) | 288 (20.8) | 217 (15.6) | 245 (17.7) | 287 (20.7) | 314 (22.7) |
| Diabetes mellitus status, n (%) | 41 (3.0) | 123 (8.9) | 430 (31.0) | 335 (24.2) | 180 (13.0) | 79 (5.7) |
Data are presented as mean±SD or numbers (percentage). AHA indicates American Heart Association; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; HOMA‐IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; Hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein.
All P<0.0001, except for *P<0.001, † P<0.01, † P<0.05, and §not significant.
∥Data are median (interquartile range).