Table 1.
Demographic, Clinical, and Angiographic Data in CIN and Non‐CIN Patients of the Training Data Set
| Variable | Non‐CIN (n=6098) | CIN (n=942) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male) | 3801 (62.33%) | 609 (64.65%) | 0.171 |
| Age (y) | 55.23±14.81 | 55.87±15.57 | 0.215 |
| eGFR (mL/[min·1.73 m2]) | 103.03±49.07 | 116.82±74.97 | 0.000* |
| CKD | 791 (12.97%) | 170 (18.05%) | 0.000* |
| Diabetes | 816 (13.38%) | 68 (7.22%) | 0.000* |
| Mechanical ventilation | 808 (13.25%) | 148 (15.71%) | 0.040* |
| Myocardial infarction | 330 (5.41%) | 42 (4.46%) | 0.224 |
| Shock | 147 (2.41%) | 44 (4.67%) | 0.000* |
| Gout | 66 (1.08%) | 5 (0.53%) | 0.115 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 322 (5.28%) | 103 (10.93%) | 0.000* |
| Kidney transplant | 42 (0.69%) | 1 (0.11%) | 0.033* |
| Atherosclerosis | 796 (13.1%) | 99 (10.51%) | 0.029* |
| ICU admission before procedure | 568 (9.31%) | 145 (12.85%) | 0.000* |
| Coronary heart disease | 371 (6.08%) | 43 (4.56%) | 0.065 |
| Anemia | 3858 (63.27%) | 667 (70.81%) | 0.000* |
| Systolic blood pressure | 126.97±27.77 | 128.70±21.32 | 0.704 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 78.36±12.65 | 77.00±12.05 | 0.606 |
| Blood glucose | 6.47±2.92 | 7.07±4.36 | 0.000* |
| RDW | 46.05±7.23 | 46.98±7.82 | 0.000* |
| NEUT% | 75.15±12.85 | 76.59±12.92 | 0.000* |
| NEUT | 7.80±5.36 | 8.26±5.79 | 0.033* |
| Lymphocytes% | 16.35±10.33 | 15.13±10.19 | 0.000* |
| Lymphocytes | 1.30±0.93 | 1.25±1.08 | 0.000* |
| Monocytes% | 6.37±3.12 | 6.15±3.24 | 0.000* |
| Monocytes | 0.58±0.48 | 0.57±0.38 | 0.240 |
| Platelets | 198.77±112.32 | 184.44±112.83 | 0.000* |
| Mean corpuscular volume | 91.25±7.60 | 91.51±7.27 | 0.440 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin | 29.76±3.06 | 29.84±2.90 | 0.740 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration | 326.06±19.44 | 325.83±18.90 | 0.781 |
| Mean platelet volume | 11.05±1.47 | 11.11±1.43 | 0.107 |
| Eosinophils% | 1.54±2.16 | 1.41±2.02 | 0.054 |
| Eosinophils | 0.12±0.21 | 0.11±0.17 | 0.033* |
| Basophil% | 0.32±0.41 | 0.30±0.41 | 0.009* |
| Basophil | 0.02±0.04 | 0.03±0.05 | 0.329 |
| Reticolociti% | 1.59±0.76 | 1.59±0.70 | 0.000* |
| Reticolociti | 3.80±6.16 | 5.14±8.71 | 0.000* |
| Platelet distribution width | 14.92±2.67 | 14.95±2.61 | 0.074 |
| Platelet cell ratio | 0.23±0.11 | 0.22±0.12 | 0.000* |
| Total bilirubin | 32.65±59.44 | 37.15±74.15 | 0.808 |
| Albumin | 35.12±7.25 | 33.64±7.26 | 0.000* |
| Macro‐platelet cell ratio | 36.69±7.97 | 36.95±7.69 | 0.355 |
| Albumin: globulin ratio | 1.34±0.35 | 1.31±0.37 | 0.023* |
| Creatinine | 88.26±86.04 | 122.93±137.48 | 0.000* |
| Total protein | 62.06±10.91 | 60.19±11.93 | 0.011* |
| Globulin | 27.38±6.26 | 27.02±6.92 | 0.100 |
| Alanine aminotransferase | 67.44±161.33 | 72.64±150.05 | 0.353 |
| Urea | 6.16±4.66 | 8.23±7.56 | 0.000* |
| Uric acid | 258.82±130.17 | 271.21±146.68 | 0.009* |
| Direct bilirubin | 19.03±44.45 | 22.57±54.00 | 0.715 |
| Total bile acids | 15.31±38.35 | 18.44±43.96 | 0.133 |
| Aspartate amino transferase | 71.46±191.95 | 94.95±201.63 | 0.027* |
| Chlorine | 102.97±5.36 | 102.97±5.88 | 0.984 |
| Sodium | 137.91±5.60 | 135.88±9.97 | 0.000* |
| Potassium | 4.08±0.52 | 4.16±0.60 | 0.000* |
| Calcium | 2.77±5.61 | 3.08±13.85 | 0.232 |
| Hemoglobin | 114.43±26.36 | 108.60±27.62 | 0.000* |
| Hematocrit | 35.02±7.67 | 33.25±8.27 | 0.000* |
| Total cholesterol | 4.23±1.52 | 4.18±1.78 | 0.238 |
| LDL | 2.33±1.06 | 2.23±1.13 | 0.008* |
| HDL | 1.07±0.46 | 0.99±0.45 | 0.000* |
| Triglycerides | 1.75±2.35 | 2.24±4.23 | 0.000* |
| Thrombin time | 16.16±11.03 | 17.12±15.02 | 0.018* |
| Prothrombin time | 12.89±4.01 | 13.51±4.86 | 0.000* |
| Fibrinogen | 3.67±1.25 | 3.60±1.29 | 0.304 |
| APTT | 47.88±38.01 | 33.074±13.29 | 0.409* |
| International normalized ratio | 1.11±0.35 | 1.17±0.503 | 0.000* |
| Pulse | 82.49±14.43 | 85.72±17.13 | 0.000* |
| Diuretic | 1760 (28.86%) | 317 (33.65%) | 0.003* |
| ACEI | 695 (11.38%) | 86 (9.13%) | 0.039* |
| ARB | 248 (4.07%) | 26 (2.76%) | 0.054* |
| NSAIDs | 555 (9.10%) | 76 (8.07%) | 0.301 |
| Vitamin C | 2381 (39.04%) | 363 (38.53%) | 0.765 |
| Alprostadil | 690 (11.32%) | 125 (13.27%) | 0.081 |
| Dopamine | 268 (4.39%) | 54 (5.73%) | 0.067* |
| Cephalosporin | 1173 (19.24%) | 201 (21.34%) | 0.000* |
| Glycopeptides | 162 (2.66%) | 30 (3.18%) | 0.354 |
| Quinolone | 373 (6.12%) | 65 (6.90%) | 0.354 |
| Vancomycin | 49 (0.80%) | 4 (0.42%) | 0.211 |
| Acyclovir | 47 (0.77%) | 2 (0.21%) | 0.550 |
| Aminoglycoside | 643 (10.54%) | 96 (10.19%) | 0.742 |
| Statins | 882 (14.46%) | 98 (10.40%) | 0.001* |
| Asipirin | 851 (13.96%) | 100 (10.62%) | 0.005* |
ACEI indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CIN, contrast‐induced nephropathy; CKD, chronic kidney disease (defined as eGFR <60 mL/[min·1.73 m2); eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; ICU, intensive care unit; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs; PT, prothrombin time; RDW, red blood cell distribution width; TG, triglyceride; TT, thrombin time.
*P<0.05.