Table 2.
Familial Relationships of Measures of Vascular Structure and Function for Entire Cohort (n=927)
| Measure | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Sex, and Race | Model 1+BMI | Model 2+MAP+Smoking | ||||
| h2 (SE) | P Value | h2 (SE) | P Value | h2 (SE) | P Value | |
| Brachial artery diameter, mm | 27.2 (8.2) | <0.001 | 22.3 (8.5) | 0.003 | 24.6 (8.5) | 0.001 |
| FMD (%)a | 7.3 (8.3) | 0.19 | 4.3 (8.4) | 0.31 | 3.5 (8.4) | 0.34 |
| cLD, mm | 60.2 (8.5) | <0.001 | 54.7 (8.9) | <0.001 | 55.4 (8.8) | <0.001 |
| cIMT, mm | 26.1 (13.4) | 0.027 | 26.8 (12.9) | 0.02 | 29.4 (12.6) | 0.012 |
| cIEM, mm Hg | 18.7 (9.9) | 0.027 | 13.4 (9.4) | 0.071 | 11.9 (9.3) | 0.09 |
| cDD (%) | 28.6 (7.0) | <0.001 | 28.6 (7.0) | <0.001 | 27.6 (7.0) | <0.001 |
| cCSD (%) | 27.4 (6.9) | <0.001 | 27.4 (6.9) | <0.001 | 26.5 (6.9) | <0.001 |
| cDC, mm/mm Hg | 8.0 (9.7) | 0.20 | 7.0 (9.6) | 0.22 | 3.4 (9.3) | 0.35 |
| cCSC, mm2/mm Hg | 28.6 (8.5) | <0.001 | 28.6 (8.5) | <0.001 | 26.9 (8.5) | <0.001 |
| PWV, m/s | 22.9 (8.9) | 0.003 | 23.3 (8.9) | 0.003 | 26.3 (8.9) | <0.001 |
Model 1 is adjusted for age, sex, and race of both parents and offspring; Model 2 further adjusts Model 1 for BMI of both parent and offspring; Model 3 further adjusts Model 2 for MAP and smoking status of both parent and offspring. BMI indicates body‐mass index; cCSC, carotid cross‐sectional compliance; cCSD, carotid cross‐sectional distensibility; cDC, carotid diameter compliance; cDD, carotid diameter distensibility; cIEM, carotid incremental elastic modulus; cIMT, carotid intima media thickness; cLD, carotid lumen diameter; FMD, flow‐mediated dilation; h2, heritability analysis; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PWV, pulse wave velocity.
Denotes all models further adjusted for brachial artery diameter.