Table 3.
Female Long‐Term Drinker Types at PWV Baseline: Sample Characteristics
| Covariate | Subcategory | Long‐Term Drinker Type | Overall (N=1017) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stable Nondrinker (N=82) | Stable Moderate (N=179) | Stable Heavy (N=41) | Unstable Moderate (N=323) | Unstable Heavy (N=191) | Former Drinker (N=188) | Unknown (N=13) | |||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| PWV (m/s), mean (SD) | 8.6 (2.5) | 7.9 (1.8) | 8.3 (2.2) | 8.4 (2.1) | 7.8 (1.7) | 8.3 (1.8) | 8.7 (1.6) | 8.2 (1.9) | |
| Age (yr), mean (SD) | 65.5 (6.2) | 64.6 (5.6) | 63.3 (5.5) | 64.8 (5.5) | 64.9 (5.6) | 66.2 (6) | 64.4 (4.4) | 65 (5.7) | |
| Ethnicity | White | 49 (59.8) | 165 (92.2) | 41 (100) | 286 (88.5) | 189 (99) | 158 (84) | 12 (92.3) | 900 (88.5) |
| South Asian | 20 (24.4) | 5 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 13 (4) | 0 (0) | 9 (4.8) | 0 (0) | 47 (4.6) | |
| Black | 9 (11) | 8 (4.5) | 0 (0) | 20 (6.2) | 1 (0.5) | 18 (9.6) | 1 (7.7) | 57 (5.6) | |
| Other | 4 (4.9) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 3 (0.9) | 1 (0.5) | 3 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 12 (1.2) | |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) | |
| Smoking | Never smoked | 68 (82.9) | 118 (65.9) | 15 (36.6) | 178 (55.1) | 76 (39.8) | 112 (59.6) | 3 (23.1) | 570 (56) |
| Ex‐smoker | 6 (7.3) | 51 (28.5) | 21 (51.2) | 127 (39.3) | 101 (52.9) | 68 (36.2) | 10 (76.9) | 384 (37.8) | |
| Current smoker | 5 (6.1) | 2 (1.1) | 3 (7.3) | 10 (3.1) | 12 (6.3) | 8 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 40 (3.9) | |
| Unknown | 3 (3.7) | 8 (4.5) | 2 (4.9) | 8 (2.5) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 23 (2.3) | |
| Exercise level | Meets WHO recommendations | 15 (18.3) | 50 (27.9) | 6 (14.6) | 91 (28.2) | 51 (26.7) | 35 (18.6) | 3 (23.1) | 251 (24.7) |
| Does not meet WHO recommendations | 65 (79.3) | 125 (69.8) | 35 (85.4) | 228 (70.6) | 138 (72.3) | 153 (81.4) | 10 (76.9) | 754 (74.1) | |
| Unknown | 2 (2.4) | 4 (2.2) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.2) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 12 (1.2) | |
| Socioeconomic position | Low | 37 (45.1) | 33 (18.4) | 0 (0) | 70 (21.7) | 12 (6.3) | 73 (38.8) | 4 (30.8) | 229 (22.5) |
| Medium | 35 (42.7) | 93 (52) | 17 (41.5) | 172 (53.3) | 80 (41.9) | 92 (48.9) | 6 (46.2) | 495 (48.7) | |
| High | 10 (12.2) | 53 (29.6) | 24 (58.5) | 81 (25.1) | 99 (51.8) | 23 (12.2) | 3 (23.1) | 293 (28.8) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.4 (5.2) | 26.2 (4.5) | 27.5 (5.3) | 26.2 (4.9) | 25.1 (4.5) | 27 (5.1) | 25.8 (4) | 26.2 (4.9) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | No | 64 (78) | 171 (95.5) | 39 (95.1) | 281 (87) | 180 (94.2) | 167 (88.8) | 11 (84.6) | 913 (89.8) |
| Yes | 18 (22) | 8 (4.5) | 2 (4.9) | 42 (13) | 11 (5.8) | 21 (11.2) | 2 (15.4) | 104 (10.2) | |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg), mean (SD) | 87.6 (11.2) | 86.7 (11.1) | 89 (12.1) | 86.7 (10.9) | 85.8 (11.9) | 87.5 (10.2) | 87.3 (8.7) | 86.8 (11.1) | |
| Heart rate (bpm), mean (SD) | 67.7 (14.5) | 64.9 (9.1) | 63.8 (7.6) | 65.9 (11.3) | 64.4 (10.3) | 64.3 (9.7) | 66.4 (4.9) | 65.2 (10.6) | |
| High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 1.7 (0.5) | 1.9 (0.4) | 2 (0.5) | 1.9 (0.4) | 2.1 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.4) | 1.7 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.5) | |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 1.3 (0.9) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.9 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.6) | |
bpm indicates beats per minute; N, count; PWV, pulse wave velocity; WHO, World Health Organization.