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. 2017 Feb 27;6(3):e004694. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004694

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© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Examination of cardiac function in miR‐181a/b^−/− and miR‐181c/d^−/− mice. A, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (SYBR kit) analysis of miR‐181a, b, and c expression in total RNA from the heart tissues of miR‐181a/b^−/− (a/b KO), and miR‐181c/d^−/− (c/d KO) mice. The miRNA expression was normalized to mitochondrial 16S rRNA. B, Two‐dimensional M‐mode and Doppler echocardiography were performed on nonanesthetized 12 week old mice: wild type (WT C57BL6) mice (left), miR‐181a/b^−/− mice (middle panel), and miR‐181c/d^−/− mice (right). C, Percentage fractional shortening and (D) ejection fraction were calculated using the software of the echocardiography instrument (n=8). E, Signs of hypertrophy (heart weight/tibial length) were measured (n=5). *P<0.05 vs WT.