Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Participants According to the Proportion of Visits in Which BP was Reduced to <140/90 mm Hga
| Total (N=3187) | Proportions | P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <25% (n=295) | 25% to <50% (n=722) | 50% to <75% (n=1257) | ≥75% (n=913) | |||
| Age, y | 59.4 (7.4) | 58.6 (8.3) | 59.5 (7.5) | 59.7 (7.2) | 59.3 (7.1) | 0.129 |
| Male, No. (%) | 1316 (41.3) | 136 (46.1) | 305 (42.2) | 553 (44.0) | 322 (35.3) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.0 (3.6) | 24.2 (3.9) | 24.2 (3.6) | 24.0 (3.5) | 24.0 (3.5) | 0.555 |
| Current smoking, No. (%) | 816 (25.6) | 95 (32.2) | 181 (25.1) | 354 (28.2) | 186 (20.4) | <0.001 |
| Current alcohol drinking, No. (%) | 869 (27.3) | 99 (33.4) | 207 (28.7) | 358 (28.5) | 205 (22.5) | 0.005 |
| MTHFR C677T polymorphisms, No. (%) | ||||||
| CC | 941 (29.5) | 89 (30.2) | 213 (29.5) | 357 (28.4) | 282 (30.9) | 0.648 |
| CT | 1553 (48.7) | 144 (48.8) | 338 (46.8) | 634 (50.4) | 437 (47.9) | |
| TT | 693 (21.8) | 62 (21.0) | 171 (23.7) | 266 (21.2) | 194 (21.2) | |
| Treatment group, No. (%) | ||||||
| Enalapril | 1579 (49.6) | 144 (48.8) | 357 (49.5) | 620 (49.3) | 458 (50.2) | 0.973 |
| Enalapril‐folic acid | 1608 (50.4) | 151 (51.2) | 365 (50.5) | 637 (50.7) | 455 (49.8) | |
| Baseline BP, mm Hg | ||||||
| Systolic | 150.9 (6.4) | 150.8 (6.9) | 151.5 (6.4) | 151.0 (6.3) | 150.1 (6.3) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic | 87.6 (7.9) | 89.2 (8.0) | 88.4 (7.9) | 87.4 (8.1) | 86.8 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| Time‐averaged BP during the treatment period, mm Hg | ||||||
| Systolic | 135.4 (9.6) | 151.6 (8.4) | 142.0 (6.0) | 134.4 (5.0) | 126.2 (5.2) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic | 81.0 (6.6) | 88.5 (7.5) | 84.0 (6.1) | 80.5 (5.5) | 76.9 (4.6) | <0.001 |
| Self‐reported hyperlipidemia | 59 (1.9) | 2 (0.7) | 15 (2.1) | 26 (2.1) | 16 (1.8) | 0.421 |
| Self‐reported diabetes mellitus | 67 (2.1) | 6 (2.0) | 12 (1.7) | 28 (2.2) | 21 (2.3) | 0.812 |
| Laboratory results | ||||||
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.6 (1.6) | 5.7 (1.8) | 5.6 (1.6) | 5.6 (1.6) | 5.5 (1.4) | 0.342 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.4 (1.2) | 5.2 (1.1) | 5.3 (1.1) | 5.4 (1.2) | 5.5 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 64.4 (15.5) | 66.7 (20.4) | 64.6 (14.4) | 64.4 (14.3) | 63.6 (16.2) | 0.029 |
| Homocysteine, μmol/L | 13.8 (7.2) | 14.4 (9.1) | 14.2 (8.6) | 13.7 (6.7) | 13.2 (6.0) | 0.027 |
| Folate, ng/mL | 9.3 (4.4) | 9.2 (4.2) | 9.3 (4.2) | 9.4 (4.9) | 9.2 (4.0) | 0.856 |
| Medication use, No. (%) | ||||||
| Lipid‐lowering drugs | 7 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 4 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0.689 |
| Glucose‐lowering drugs | 32 (1.0) | 2 (0.7) | 7 (1.0) | 15 (1.2) | 8 (0.9) | 0.819 |
| Antiplatelet drugs | 10 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | 6 (0.5) | 3 (0.3) | 0.437 |
BP indicates blood pressure; MTHFR, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase.
a
Values are presented as mean (SD) for continuous variables.