Table 2.

Multivariable Linear Regression of AAD

	Mean Difference in AAD, mm
	Age‐Adjusted Estimate (95% CI)a	Multivariable Estimate (95% CI)b
Education
Primary school	0 (Reference)	0 (Reference)
High school/university	−0.21 (−0.41 to 0.00)	−0.04 (−0.25 to 0.16)
Smoking status (pack‐years smoked)
Never	0 (Reference)	0 (Reference)
Former (<15)	0.07 (−0.18 to 0.32)	0.04 (−0.21 to 0.29)
Former (≥15)	0.63 (0.38–0.89)	0.47 (0.20–0.73)
Current (<25)	0.94 (0.63–1.25)	0.93 (0.61–1.24)
Current (≥25)	2.32 (2.01–2.63)	2.24 (1.93–2.56)
Body mass index, kg/m2
≥25 vs <25	0.80 (0.61–0.99)	0.63 (0.39–0.86)
Waist circumference, cm
≥94 vs <94	0.59 (0.38–0.79)	0.21 (−0.04 to 0.46)
Walking/bicycling
Almost never	0 (Reference)	0 (Reference)
<20 min/day	−0.17 (−0.49 to 0.16)	−0.03 (−0.35 to 0.30)
20–40 min/day	−0.34 (−0.66 to −0.03)	−0.07 (−0.39 to 0.24)
≥40 min/day	−0.34 (−0.66 to −0.01)	−0.07 (−0.39 to 0.25)
Healthy diet score
<9	0 (Reference)	0 (Reference)
9–12	−0.32 (−0.55 to −0.10)	−0.19 (−0.41 to 0.03)
>12	−0.24 (−0.48 to −0.00)	−0.08 (−0.32 to 0.17)
Alcohol consumption
Never/former drinkerc	···	···
<1 glass/day	0 (Reference)	0 (Reference)
≥1 glass/day	−0.04 (−0.23 to 0.15)	−0.22 (−0.41 to −0.03)
Comorbidities, yes vs no
Diabetes mellitus	−0.38 (−0.82 to 0.06)	−0.64 (−1.08 to −0.20)
Cardiovascular disease	1.05 (0.64–1.46)	0.83 (0.41–1.25)
Hypertension	0.42 (0.18–0.66)	0.23 (−0.02 to 0.49)
Hypercholesterolemia	0.36 (0.10–0.62)	0.12 (−0.15 to 0.38)

Modeling was based on multiply imputed data sets (n=40). AAD indicates abdominal aortic diameter.

^aAdjusted for age at screening as a continuous variable.

^bAdditional adjustments for total energy intake (continuously) and with all variables in the table simultaneously included in the model.

^cEstimate of never/former drinkers not interpreted due to the low number of cases in this group (n=5).