Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of All Patients in the Study Before and After Propensity Matching
| Baseline Characteristics of Cohorts | P Values for Unmatched and IPTW‐Matched Cohorts | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normalized Treated (n=40 856) | Nonnormalized Treated (n=23 930) | Untreated (n=11 853) | 1 P Valuea | 1 P Valueb | 1 P Valuec | 2 P Valuea | 2 P Valueb | 2 P Valuec | |
| Age ≥50 y, n (%) | 36 590 (89.6) | 21 260 (88.8) | 10 687 (90.2) | 0.0044 | 0.0567 | 0.0001 | 0.9910 | 0.9910 | 0.9958 |
| Age, median (y) | 66.0 | 65.0 | 67.0 | ||||||
| Body mass index ≥30 | 27 034 (66.2) | 16 614 (69.4) | 7583 (64.0) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9306 | 0.9306 | 0.9498 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 33.1 (6.6) | 33.7 (6.9) | 32.9 (6.8) | ||||||
| Follow‐up time (y), mean (SD) | 6.0 (3.1) | 4.4 (2.9) | 4.5 (2.9) | ||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 7252 (17.8) | 4931 (20.6) | 2108 (17.8) | <0.0001 | 0.9313 | <0.0001 | 0.9406 | 0.9406 | 0.9403 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 12 666 (31.0) | 8787 (36.7) | 3886 (32.8) | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | <0.0001 | 0.9925 | 0.9925 | 0.9260 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 489 (1.2) | 427 (1.8) | 188 (1.6) | <0.0001 | 0.0009 | 0.1744 | 0.9478 | 0.9478 | 0.9121 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea, n (%) | 761 (1.9) | 671 (2.8) | 259 (2.2) | <0.0001 | 0.0249 | 0.0005 | 0.9983 | 0.9983 | 0.8923 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 643 (1.6) | 589 (2.5) | 288 (2.4) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.8557 | 0.9937 | 0.9937 | 0.8371 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 354 (0.9) | 291 (1.2) | 146 (1.2) | <0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.8987 | 0.9851 | 0.9851 | 0.8857 |
| Coronary artery disease | 2258 (5.5) | 1695 (7.1) | 697 (5.9) | <0.0001 | 0.1406 | <0.0001 | 0.9646 | 0.9646 | 0.9668 |
| Depression, n (%) | 3477 (8.5) | 2187 (9.1) | 780 (6.6) | 0.0062 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9594 | 0.9594 | 0.8799 |
| Cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 840 (2.1) | 587 (2.5) | 327 (2.8) | 0.0009 | <0.0001 | 0.0844 | 0.9903 | 0.9903 | 0.9613 |
| Rheumatic valve disease, n (%) | 484 (1.2) | 380 (1.6) | 181 (1.5) | <0.0001 | 0.0033 | 0.6624 | 0.9913 | 0.9913 | 0.8648 |
| Nonrheumatic valve disease, n (%) | 1427 (3.5) | 938 (3.9) | 577 (4.9) | 0.0052 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.9814 | 0.9814 | 0.8922 |
| Structural heart disease, n (%) | 758 (1.9) | 531 (2.2) | 266 (2.2) | 0.0014 | 0.0069 | 0.8792 | 0.9525 | 0.9525 | 0.9111 |
| Bacterial endocarditis, n (%) | 47 (0.1) | 47 (0.1) | 17 (0.1) | 0.9433 | 0.4346 | 0.5069 | 0.9533 | 0.9533 | 0.9734 |
| Hyperthyroidism, n (%) | 559 (1.4) | 273 (1.1) | 180 (1.5) | 0.0131 | 0.2202 | 0.0026 | 0.9451 | 0.9451 | 0.9662 |
| LDL >100 mg/dL, n (%) | 21 082 (51.6) | 11 458 (47.9) | 5778 (48.8) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.1229 | 0.9476 | 0.9476 | 0.8929 |
| Concomitant therapy | |||||||||
| Antiplatelet agents, n (%) | 11 907 (29.1) | 7535 (31.5) | 3550 (30.0) | <0.0001 | 0.0895 | 0.0031 | 0.9708 | 0.9708 | 0.9679 |
| β‐Blockers, n (%) | 15 336 (37.5) | 9999 (41.8) | 4579 (38.6) | <0.0001 | 0.0304 | <0.0001 | 0.9765 | 0.9765 | 0.9549 |
| Statins, n (%) | 24 352 (59.6) | 15 141 (63.2) | 7134 (60.2) | <0.0001 | 0.2547 | <0.0001 | 0.9619 | 0.9619 | 0.9592 |
1 P indicates unmatched P value; 2 P, matched P value; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weights; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein.
a
Normalized treated vs nonnormalized treated.
b
Normalized treated vs untreated.
c
Nonnormalized treated vs untreated.