Plots of (a) calculated electron inelastic mean free paths (IMFPs) and (b) ratios of IMFPs as a function of electron kinetic energy for liquid water. (a) The solid circles, squares, diamonds, and triangles indicate IMFPs calculated from the FPA, SPA, SSPA, and EM methods, respectively. The solid curve shows IMFPs calculated from the relativistic version of the TPP-2M equation [Eqns (20) – (25)]. (b) Plots of ratios of IMFPs for liquid water from the SPA (solid line), SSPA (dot-dashed line), and EM method (dashed line) to IMFPs from the FPA as a function of electron energy.