Table 1. Sample characteristics (N=272).
| Total Sample | Age ≤ 53 | Age 53.1-56 | Age >56 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, M (SD)* | 54.1 (3.9) | 50.2 (2.8) | 55.1 (0.8) | 58.4 (1.0) |
| Race/ethnicity, N (%) | ||||
| White | 198 (72.8) | 73 (67.0) | 63 (74.1) | 62 (79.5) |
| African american | 59 (21.7) | 30 (27.5) | 18 (21.2) | 11 (14.1) |
| Other (Asian, Hispanic, biracial) | 15 (5.5) | 6 (5.5) | 4 (4.7) | 5 (6.4) |
| Education, N (%) | ||||
| High school, some college, vocational | 114 (41.9) | 47 (43.1) | 38 (44.7) | 29 (37.2) |
| College graduate | 79 (29.0) | 33 (30.3) | 23 (27.1) | 23 (29.5) |
| Postgraduate | 79 (29.0) | 29 (26.6) | 24 (28.2) | 26 (33.3) |
| Parity, median (iqr) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (0.0, 2.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) |
| State anxiety, M (SD)a | 32.2 (9.9) | 33.5 (10.3) | 31.8 (9.6) | 30.8 (9.4) |
| Depressive symptoms, Median (IQR)a | 5.5 (2.0, 11.0) | 6.0 (3.0, 11.0) | 6.0 (2.0, 12.0) | 4.5 (1.0, 10.0) |
| Leisure time physical activity, Median (IQR)a | 396.0 (0, 1386.0) | 330.0 (0.0, 1470.0) | 495.0 (66.0, 1097.0) | 346.5 (0.0, 1050.0) |
| Body mass index, M (SD) | 29.0 (6.8) | 29.1 (6.7) | 28.9 (8.0) | 29.0 (5.6) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmhg, M (SD)* | 119.5 (14.4) | 117.0 (13.2) | 118.4 (12.0) | 124.1 (17.1) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmhg, M (SD) | 69.9 (9.0) | 70.8 (9.6) | 69.2 (8.2) | 69.5 (9.2) |
| Menopause stage N (%)* | ||||
| Perimenopausal | 44 (16.2) | 36 (33.0) | 7 (8.2) | 1 (1.3) |
| Postmenopausal | 228 (83.8) | 73 (67.0) | 78 (91.8) | 77 (98.7) |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dl, M (SD) | 62.7 (14.7) | 60.7 (15.1) | 64.4 (15.5) | 63.8 (13.1) |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dl, M (SD) | 131.0 (33.8) | 126.0 (30.7) | 134.7 (31.7) | 134.1 (39.2) |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl, Median (IQR) | 95.5 (71.5, 130.0) | 94.0 (74.0, 128.0) | 96.0 (74.0, 126.0) | 100.5 (70.0, 143.0) |
| Homeostatic model assessment, Median (IQR) | 2.7 (1.7, 3.2) | 2.1 (1.6, 2.9) | 2.1 (1.6, 3.4) | 2.4 (1.8, 3.1) |
| Estradiol, pg/ml, Median (IQR)* | 5.0 (2.0, 10.1) | 5.4 (2.9, 16.0) | 4.8 (2.0, 8.0) | 4.0 (2.0, 8.0) |
| Medications, N (%) | ||||
| Lipid-lowering* | 36 (13.2) | 7 (6.4) | 12 (14.1) | 17 (21.8) |
| Blood pressure-lowering | 45 (16.5) | 16 (14.7) | 13 (15.3) | 16 (20.5) |
| Diabetes medication | 10 (3.7) | 3 (2.8) | 2 (2.4) | 5 (6.4) |
| Beta-agonists | 14 (5.2) | 7 (6.4) | 3 (3.5) | 4 (5.1) |
| Hot flash status, N (%)* | ||||
| Yes | 136 (50) | 41 (37.6) | 40 (47.1) | 55 (70.5) |
| No | 136 (50) | 68 (62.4) | 45 (52.9) | 23 (29.5) |
| Physiologically detected hot flashes, 24 hour, M (SD)* | 9 (9) | 9 (9) | 10 (9) | 7 (9) |
| Self-reported hot flashes, waking, M (SD)* | 2 (3) | 3 (3) | 2 (3) | 1 (2) |
| Flow mediated dilation, %, M (SD) | 7.4 (4.3) | 7.6 (3.9) | 7.4 (4.3) | 7.1 (4.0) |
| Baseline lumen diameter, mm, M (SD) | 3.5 (0.5) | 3.5 (0.5) | 3.4 (0.5) | 3.5 (0.5) |
a
State anxiety assessed by Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, sample range: 20-63; depressive symptoms assessed by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Scale, sample range: 0-51; leisure time physical activity assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire, sample range: 0-6399
*
Differs by age status p<.05