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. 2017 Jul 25;11:58. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00058

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Copyright © 2017 Folarin, Snyder, Peters, Olopade, Connor and Olopade.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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NeuN + 4′,6-diamidine-2′-pheynylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) Immuno-fluorescent labeling of the prefrontal cortex revealed the fate of the nucleus after chronic vanadium exposure. NeuN colocalization with Dapi revealed pyramidal cells with intact but shrunken nucleus and cytoplasmic loss (blue arrows) relative to the control groups with normal morphology (white arrows), chronic vanadium exposure resulted in cytotoxicity which appear more pronounced than its apoptotic effects. Sections were double-labeled with NeuN antibody in conjunction with DAPI (blue), a nuclear DNA cell marker, and imaged at ×20 magnifications using confocal microscopy. Magnification: ×200.