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. 2017 Jul 25;8:536. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00536

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Copyright © 2017 Ignatieva, Kostina, Irtyuga, Uspensky, Golovkin, Gavriliuk, Moiseeva, Kostareva and Malashicheva.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Partition of the examined groups based on the results of discriminant analysis. Discriminant analysis was used to investigate what parameters in gene expression could divide groups of patients. Expression data on SMC differentiation markers (MYOCD, ACTA2, CNN, TAGLN, and VIM), Notch-related genes (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, JAG1, HES1, HEY, SNAIL, and SLUG) and proosteogenic genes (BMP2, RUNX2, POSTIN, CTNNB1, SOX9, OPN, and OPG) were used. In the course of discriminant analysis 11 genes with high prognostic and discriminant value were identified (Table 2) and these genes were used to examine if the SMC from BAV, TAV, and control groups form independent clusters. Dot plot demonstrates that control SMC form a separate cluster from both BAV- and TAV groups by expression of Notch-related and proosteogenic genes, while BAV- and TAV-derived SMC clusters partially overlap.