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. 2017 Jul 24;7:6238. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06217-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Behaviour study of HLJDT and HLJDT-M on 3XTg-AD mice. Acquisition of spatial memory was evaluated by Morris water maze (hidden platform) in HLJDT, HLJDT-M and vehicle-treated 3XTg-AD mice (a,b,c). Results are represented as the mean length values ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of all mice from 4 trials per day (n = 10). In probe trial, mice are evaluated for the amount of time spent in searching the platform location after 24-hour retention trial in MWM (d,e). In the probe trial, the HLJDT-M treated mice stayed longer in the target quadrant than the vehicle-treated mice, showing memory retention. The symbol denotes statistical differences among the given groups over all trial days. ^###p < 0.001 (WT treated with vehicle vs. Tg treated with vehicle); ***p < 0.001 (Tg treated with HLJDT-M at 1 g/kg vs. Tg treated with vehicle), ~~~p < 0.001 (Tg treated with 2 g/kg of HLJDT-M vs. Tg treated with vehicle), ^^p < 0.01 (Tg treated with 1 g/kg of HLJDT vs. Tg treated with vehicle) and ^ΦΦΦp < 0.001 (Tg treated with 2 g/kg of HLJDT vs. Tg treated with vehicle).