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. 2017 Jul 24;7:6269. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06675-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Similar richness and diversity of fecal microbiota in EC and negative controls. Number of observed bacterial genera was significantly lower in naive patients as compared to the other groups (a). Richness indices Chao-1 (b) and ACE (c) were reduced in naive, but no significant differences were observed between EC and negative. Alpha-diversity, assessed by Shannon index was lower in naive as compared to negative (d), whereas Simpson index was similar in all groups (e). Comparisons between groups were obtained via Kruskal-Wallis rank based test including Dunn’s post-hoc pairwise analyses. Benjamini-Hochberg method was used for correction of multiple testing. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Box plots represent median (black horizontal line), 25th and 75th quartiles (edge of boxes), upper and lower extremes (whiskers). Outliers are represented by a single data point.