Table V.

Patient characteristics in matched cohort

Variables*	LR-any group† N = 2117	NS group‡ N = 2117	P value§
Age (y), median (IQR)	8 (1–15)	7 (1–14)	.01
Male sex	1119 (53)	1149 (54)	.37
Race/ethnicity			.31
White	983 (46)	1021 (48)
Black	451 (21)	466 (22)
Hispanic	249 (12)	218 (10)
Other	434 (21)	412 (19)
Comorbid conditions¶
Cardiovascular	362 (17)	312 (15)	.04
Respiratory	78 (4)	51 (2)	.02
Renal	42 (2)	29 (1)	.15
Gastrointestinal	62 (3)	50 (2)	.29
Malignancy	187 (9)	186 (9)	1.0
Hematologic/immunologic	116 (5)	97 (5)	.21
Metabolic	120 (6)	105 (5)	.34
Neuromuscular	394 (19)	377 (18)	.52
Congenital disorders	203 (10)	164 (8)	.04
PICU admission	1729 (82)	1664 (79)	.01
Sepsis-related therapies**
Vasoactive infusion	880 (42)	824 (39)	.08
Maximum number of concurrent vasoactives††	2 (1–3)	2 (1–3)	.09
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation	181 (9)	157 (7)	.19
Invasive mechanical ventilation	1389 (66)	1347 (64)	.19
Corticosteroids	551 (26)	488 (23)	.02
Hydrocortisone	230 (11)	203 (10)	.19
Methylprednisolone	390 (18)	347 (16)	.09
Albumin 5%	446 (21)	409 (19)	.16
Albumin 25%	609 (29)	552 (26)	.05
Blood transfusion‡‡	995 (47)	933 (44)	.06
Furosemide	947 (45)	910 (43)	.25
ECMO	12 (<1)	8 (<1)	.50

ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

^*Data presented as n (%), unless noted.

^†LR group included patients who received any amount of LR fluid resuscitation.

^‡NS group included patients who received only NS fluid resuscitation.

^§Statistical comparison using Wilcoxon signed rank and McNemar test for matched pairs, as appropriate.

^¶Comorbid conditions were categorized using ICD-9-CM codes defining pediatric complex chronic conditions.¹⁹

^**Includes therapies administered through hospital day 3.

^††Includes only patients who received at least 1 vasoactive infusion.

^‡‡Includes administration of whole blood, packed red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and cryoprecipitate.