Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy | Sham manipulation (placebo) | Control group | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Males | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Females | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Age ± SD (range) | 36.0 ± 12.8 (26–54) | 49.8 ± 12.3 (32–58) | 48.0 ± 9.8 (39–61) |
| Duration (years with headache ± SD) | 7.3 ± 3.3 | 8.5 ± 1.3 | 13.8 ± 10.4 |
| Headache frequency (mean 30 days/month) | 20.5 ± 9.9 | 25.5 ± 5.2 | 19.3 ± 7.9 |
| Headache duration (mean hours/day) | 19.5 ± 3.8 | 19.5 ± 7.7 | 19.3 ± 5.1 |
| Headache intensity (mean 0–10 VAS) | 6.0 ± 2.3 | 6.0 ± 0.7 | 7.0 ± 2.0 |
| Co-morbid migraine | 0/4 | 2/4 | 0/4 |
| Primary end-point (1 month baseline) | |||
| Headache frequency (mean 30 days/month) | 20.0 ± 12.0 | 22.8 ± 12.3 | 19.0 ± 8.4 |
| Secondary end-points (1 month baseline) | |||
| Headache duration (mean hours/day) | 9.6 ± 5.2 | 10.9 ± 3.3 | 9.9 ± 6.9 |
| Headache intensity (mean 0–10 VAS) | 6.6 ± 2.5 | 4.3 ± 1.7 | 6.3 ± 1.6 |
| Headache index (HI) (mean frequency × duration × intensity) |
956 95% CI 438 to 1475 |
1141 95% CI 283 to 1999 |
1635 95% CI −37 to 3307 |