Table 4.
Multivariate linear regression analyses for independent association of HFIAS score with individual, household and spatial explanatory factors
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR (95% CI) | p-value | AOR (95% CI) | p-value | AOR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Any tobacco use by women | ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.08 (0.99 1.18) | 0.083 | 1.07 (0.99 1.16) | 0.094 | 1.06 (0.98 1.14) | 0.169 |
| Women’s age | ||||||
| 15-25 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| 26-35 | 0.98 (0.86 1.11) | 0.712 | 0.99 (0.87, 1.12) | 0.892 | 0.99 (0.88 1.13) | 0.963 |
| 36-49 | 0.95 (0.83 1.10) | 0.508 | 0.97 (0.84, 1.12) | 0.699 | 0.97 (0.84 1.12) | 0.662 |
| Any tobacco use by men | ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.18 (1.10 1.27) | <0.001 | 1.12 (1.05 1.20) | 0.001 | 1.11 (1.04 1.19) | 0.002 |
| Men’s age | ||||||
| 15-25 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| 26-35 | 1.03 (0.96 1.12) | 0.405 | 1.02 (0.95 1.10) | 0.592 | 1.02 (0.95 1.09) | 0.628 |
| 36-49 | 1.04 (0.96, 1.13) | 0.321 | 1.04 (0.96 1.13) | 0.360 | 1.03 (0.94 1.12) | 0.546 |
| Men’s occupation | ||||||
| Unemployed | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Professional/service/business | 1.05 (0.95 1.17) | 0.345 | 1.05 (0.95 1.16) | 0.354 | 1.03 (0.93 1.13) | 0.601 |
| Agriculturist | 0.84 (0.73 0.95) | 0.010 | 0.89 (0.79 1.01) | 0.077 | 0.91 (0.80 1.03) | 0.131 |
| Manual workers | 1.01 (0.94, 1.08) | 0.845 | 0.90 (0.84 0.96) | 0.002 | 0.94 (0.88 1.00) | 0.060 |
| Sex of the household head | ||||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Male | 0.97 (0.88 1.06) | 0.489 | 0.96 (0.87 1.06) | 0.400 | ||
| Number of household members | 1.01 (0.99 1.02) | 0.196 | 1.01 (1.00 1.02) | 0.103 | ||
| Household wealth Index | ||||||
| Poorest | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Poorer | 0.57 (0.52 0.66) | <0.001 | 0.52 (0.45 0.59) | <0.001 | ||
| Middle | 0.74 (0.66 0.83) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.58 0.74) | <0.001 | ||
| Richer | 0.80 (0.73 0.88) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.67 0.83) | <0.001 | ||
| Richest | 0.87 (0.80 0.95) | 0.001 | 0.84 (0.77 0.93) | <0.001 | ||
| Type of place of residence | ||||||
| Rural | Reference | |||||
| Urban | 0.92 (0.83 1.02) | 0.108 | ||||
| Development region | ||||||
| Eastern | Reference | |||||
| Central | 1.06 (0.96 1.17) | 0.216 | ||||
| western | 1.18 (1.07 1.31) | 0.001 | ||||
| Midwestern | 1.19 (1.08 1.32) | 0.001 | ||||
| Far western | 1.22 (1.11 1.33) | <0.001 | ||||
| Ecological region | ||||||
| Terai (plains) | Reference | |||||
| Hilly region | 1.32 (1.17 1.49) | <0.001 | ||||
| Mountainous | 1.15 (1.04 1.28) | 0.009 | ||||
Numbers in bold indicate significant associations