Frequency of CD5+B cells in patients with CHC. (A) Gating strategy for measuring the frequency of CD5+B cells in different B cell subsets by flow cytometry. (B) Frequency of CD5+B cells in total B cells. (C) Frequency of CD5+B cells in CD27-IgM+B cells. (D) Frequency of CD5+B cells in CD27+IgM+B cells. *P<0.05. CHC, chronic hepatitis C; HC, healthy control; NS, no significant difference; SSC, side scatter; PE, phycoerythrin; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; PerCP, peridinin chlorophyll; APC, allophycocyanin; Ig, immunoglobulin; CD, cluster of differentiation.