Table 3.
Radiological and paraclinical findings of MS, CIS, and NMOSD participants
| Brain MRI | MS cohort, n=1,404
|
CIS, n=31
|
NMOSD, n=34
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initial MRI (n=1,404) | Last follow-up MRI (n=1,187) | Last reviewed MRI | Last reviewed MRI | |
| Typical lesions for MS | 1,361 (96.93) | 1,165/1,187 (98.15) | 11 (35.48) | 0 |
| Atypical lesions for MS | 12 (0.86) | 9/1,187 (0.76) | 15 (48.39) | 23 (67.65) |
| Normal MRI | 31 (2.21) | 13/1,187 (1.09) | 5 (16.13) | 11 (32.35) |
| Active lesions (Gd+) | 296 (21.08) | 317/1,187 (26.71) | 0 | 5 (14.71) |
| Black holes | 128 (9.12) | 331/1,187 (27.89) | 0 | 7 (20.59) |
| Infratentorial lesions | 441 (31.41) | 501/1,187 (42.21) | 3/31 (9.68) | 6 (17.65) |
| Initial cervical MRI (n) | 863/1,404 | 23/31 | 34/34 | |
| Positive | 647/863 (74.97) | 8/23 (34.78) | 34 (100) | |
| Normal | 216/863 (25.03) | 15/23 (65.22) | 0 | |
| CSF analysis (n) | 227/1,404 | 12/31 | 26/34 | |
| Elevated CSF IgG index | 161/227 (70.93) | 3/12 (25) | 1/26 (3.85) | |
| Positive OCBs | 154/227 (67.84) | 4/12 (33.33) | 1/26 (3.85) | |
| Evoked responses | ||||
| Abnormal VEP | 503/696 (72.27) | 15/22 (68.18) | 15/21 (71.43) | |
| Abnormal AEP | 262/414 (63.29) | 10/18 (55.56) | 11/17 (64.71) | |
| Abnormal SSEP | 167/249 (67.07) | 9/17 (52.94) | 8/13 (61.54) | |
Abbreviations: MS, multiple sclerosis; CIS, clinically isolated syndrome; NMOSD, neuromyelitis optica-spectrum disorder; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; Gd+, Gadolinium enhancement; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; OCBs, oligoclonal bands; VEP, visual evoked potential; AEP, auditory EP; SSEP, somatosensory EP.