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. 2017 Jul 25;17:516. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2621-4

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Characteristics of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. a The XRD pattern of the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. b Room-temperature magnetization curves for FO111019-P and FO111019-h. Magnetic hysteresis curves measured at room temperature for the samples prepared by a hydrothermal process (square: FO111019-h, dot: FO111019-p) showed the super-paramagnetic characteristics. c The crystal structure of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles prepared at the injection temperature of 290 °C (TEM). The average diameter of particles is 16 nm