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. 2017 Jul 25;9:75. doi: 10.1186/s13148-017-0370-2

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Principal component and X chromosome DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns revealed maternal blood contamination in cord blood. a Plotting the first two principal components of 450K DNAm data identified a number of male samples with DNAm patterns similar to female participants or intermediate between male and female. b Examining the distribution of X chromosome DNAm beta values in these samples revealed that the intermediate male samples clearly showed patterns indicative of a mixture of male (top) and female (bottom) distributions