In vitro valvular interstitial cell (VIC) infiltration. (a) VICs infiltrated the JetValve leaflet portion of scaffolds in greater abundance than conduit portions by 1 week; by 2 weeks, infiltration depth evened at ~25–26 μm from the scaffold surface (N=6 production runs/tissues per condition, *p<0.5 between like scaffold areas in time, #p<0.5 between leaflet and conduit at the same time point; data presented as mean ± s.e.m) (b) Representative three dimensional reconstructions of VIC nuclei within the JetValve scaffold (red indicates nuclei of cells on the scaffold surface, while blue indicates the nuclei of cells that have penetrated into the scaffold, all images in isometric 3D view, 40,000 μm2 area).