Table 1.

List of the eight floral characters used by Stebbins (1951) to create his topological floral morphospace

Character	State ‘0’	State ‘1’
1	Calyx and corolla both present (dichlamydous)	Corolla or entire perianth absent (mono- or achlamydous)
2	Petals separate (polypetalous)	Petals (sepals in monochlamydous forms) united (sympetalous)
3	Calyx and corolla regular (actinomorphic)	Perianth irregular (zygomorphic)
4	Stamens more numerous than perianth members (polystemonous)	Stamens the same number as or fewer than perianth members (oligostemonous)
5	Carpels separate (apocarpous)	Carpels united (syncarpous)
6	Seeds more than one per carpel (many)	Seeds not more than one per carpel (few)
7	Placentation axial	Placentation parietal, basal or free central
8	Carpels not united with the receptacle or perianth (hypogynous or perigynous)	Carpels united with receptacle, perianth or both (epigynous)