Table 1. Baseline characteristics of 601 severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients with high-resolution continuous monitoring, diagnosed between September 2002 and January 2016.
| n | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Mean age years (years ± SD) | 39 ± 17 | |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 137 | 23 |
| Male | 464 | 77 |
| Best preintubation GCS | ||
| 3–8 | 435 | 72 |
| 9–15 | 166 | 28 |
| Primary injury type | ||
| Diffuse | 423 | 70 |
| Mass lesion | 178 | 30 |
| Surgical interventions | ||
| No interventions | 356 | 60 |
| Craniotomy for mass lesion | 73 | 12 |
| Extradural | 23 | (32) |
| Acute subdural | 38 | (52) |
| ICH/contusion | 12 | (16) |
| Primary DC for mass lesion | 86 | 14 |
| Extradural | 12 | (14) |
| Acute subdural | 63 | (73) |
| ICH/contusion | 11 | (13) |
| Secondary DC for refractory ICP | 86 | 14 |
| DC type | ||
| Bifrontal craniectomy | 44 | 26 |
| Hemicraniectomy | 126 | 73 |
| Posterior fossa decompression | 2 | 1 |
| Mean time from injury to primary DC (median hours [IQR]) | 6.0 [5.0] | |
| Mean time from injury to secondary DC (median hours [IQR]) | 45 [81] | |
| Glasgow Outcome Scale at 6 months | ||
| Death | 113 | 19 |
| Vegetative state | 20 | 3 |
| Severe disability | 203 | 34 |
| Moderate disability | 152 | 25 |
| Good recovery | 113 | 19 |
| Causes of death | ||
| Non-neurological cause | 25 | 22 |
| Nonsurvivable TBI or brain death | 88 | 78 |
| Days from injury to death (median [IQR]) | 12 [13] | |
| Monitoring time in hours (median [IQR]) | 126 [156] | |
Abbreviations: DC, decompressive craniectomy; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; ICH, intracerebral hematoma; ICP, intracranial pressure; IQR, interquartile range; TBI, traumatic brain injury; SD, standard deviation. Values within parentheses represent subtable percentages.