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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 25.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2017 Jan 4;541(7636):182–187. doi: 10.1038/nature21021

Figure 2. β-catenin activation promotes fundus development from human foregut progenitor spheroids.

Figure 2

a, Schematized diagram of differentiation protocol for both fundic and antral hGOs. b, c, At day 9, CHIR-treated organoids exhibited reduction in PDX1, increase in IRX2, IRX3, and IRX5, and no change in gastric markers SOX2 or GATA4. *, p<0.05; two-tailed Student’s t-test; n=3 biological replicates, data representative of 4 independent experiments. d, hFGOs grew comparably to hAGOs, but also exhibited glandular budding morphogenesis (white arrowheads). e, Both hGOs contained epithelium that expressed CDH1, KRT8, and CTNNB1, as well as gastric markers GATA4 and CLDN18. hAGOs exhibited nearly ubiquitous PDX1 expression while hFGOs did not. Scale bars, 50 μm (c), 500 μm (d) and 100 μm (e). Error bars represent s.e.m.