Table 1.

Ayptical Pituitary Adenoma with Orbital Invasion

	Author/ Year	Age (years)/ Sex	History	Presentation	Previous Pituitary Surgery	Treatment	Visual Outcome	Clinical Outcome	Other
Prolactin
	Ross/1989	8/M	NS	Acute headache, blurred vision, vomitting, L ptosis and papilledema	No	Meds, surgery, and Rx	NS	Stable 2 years post Rx
	Karcioglu/2003	26/M	Progressive VL OU x 1m	20/200 OD, 20/40 OS, APD OD, papilledema OU	No	Meds only	20/40 OD 20/25 OS	Stable 4 years post dx	Tx with BC
	Karcioglu/2003	24/F	Prolactinoma dx 21 years prior, RP proptosis OD	CF OD, 20/20 OS, APD & pale ON OD	Yes	Meds, partial resection x 2	NS	Lost to followup 23 yrs after dx	Tx with BC
	Karcioglu/2003	35/M	RP proptosis OD	APD OD, proptosis OD	No	Enucleation, partial resection exenteration	NS	Deceased 1m post surgery
	Karcioglu/2003	33/F	Prolactinoma dx 2 years prior	20/20 OD, 20/100 OS, APD OS	No	Meds, partial resection, exenteration	NS	Deceased 4 years after dx	Tx with BC
	Vaudaux/2003	30/M	4 years of bulging eye	Proptosis, headache, acromegaly, nl VA	No	Meds only	20/16 OS	Stable with meds 1 year post dx	Tx with BC, also GH secreting
ACTH
	Dhaliwal/2014	28/F	Partial ACTH PA resection 7m prior	20/20 OU, diplopia, pain OS	Yes	Partial resection, stereo Rx,	20/20 OU	Stable diplopia 9m post surgery	Tx with k etoconazole after1st resection
	Dhaliwal/2014	85/F	Glaucoma, bilateral trabeculectomy	Nonspecific visual changes	No	Partial resection	20/40 OU	Stable VA 3m post surgery
	Choong/2014	68/F	Worsening HA and diplopia	CN III and VI palsies, VA NS	No	Partial resection	NS	Persistent CN VI palsy
	Kim/2016	28/M	ACTH PA resection 9 years prior, Rx 4years prior to orbital involvment	HA, 20/20 OU, nl CV, diplopia, mild temporal ON pallor OU	Yes	Resection, Rx x 3	20/20 OU	Stable VA, visual symptoms throughout Tx
GH
	Naguib/2016	31/M	Fluctuating HA and visual changes x 2m	HM OD, 20/100 OS, decreased CV OU, RUL ptosis, APD OD, temporal ON pallor OU, acromegaly	Yes	Multiple resections, stereo Rx, meds	CF OD/NS OS	CF OD, general disability	Tx with octreotide
TSH
	Yovos/1981	17/F	NS	ON atrophy, bitemporal VF defects	NS	Surgery, Rx	NS	NS
Nonfx
	Jackson/1962	NS/M	NS	Nonspecific visual changes, ON atrophy	NS	NS	NS	NS
	Daita/1987	50/M	NS	20/200 unspecified, ON atrophy, bitiemporal VF defects	NS	Surgery, Rx	NS	NS
	Spiegel/1994	25/F	NS	CF unspecified, ON atrophy, unilateral constriction	NS	Surgery, Rx	HM	NS
	Bernardini/2001	47/F	NS	No VA loss	NS	Surgery	NS	NS
NS
	Jackson/1962	NS/M	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	De Divitiis/1973	29/F	NS	Unspecified VA loss, bitemporal hemianopia	NS	NS	NS	NS
	Wray/1977	71/F	NS	Diplopia, unspecifid CN palsy, unspecified VA loss	NS	NS	NS	NS
	Sammartino/1979	12/M	NS	Diplopia, unspecified CN palsy, unspecified VA loss	NS	Surgery	NS	NS
	Ortiz/1992	16/M	4w of HA, proptosis and WL	VA 20/20 OU, 6mm proptosis OS	No	Sugery, Rx	NLP OS	20m post surgery was stable

M, male; F, female; NS, not specified; OD, R, Right; OS, L, Left; Rx, radiation therapy; VL, vision loss; m, month; w, week; APD, afferent pupillary defect; dx, diagnosis; tx, treatment; BC, bromocriptine; RP, rapidly progressive; ON, optic nerve; HA, headache; nl, normal; VA, visual acuity; GH, growth hormone; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; nonfx, nonfunctional; CN, cranial nerve; CF, count fingers; HM, hand motion; VF, visual field; WL, weight loss; NLP, no light perception; RUL, right upper lid