Table 1.
Characteristics of Prospective Studies
| Study (Ref. #) | Location | Baseline Survey Date (Range) | Study Design | Mean Follow-Up, Yrs | Mean Age, Yrs | Male, % | White, % | Type of Troponin (Assay) | Sample Type | Detection Limit, ng/l | Detectable Troponin, % | Participants, n | No. of Events |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVD | CHD | Stroke | Fatal CVD | |||||||||||||
| ADVANCE (4) | United States | 2001–2004 | PC | 11.3∗ | 62.1 | 50.8 | 62.1 | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.2 | 100 | 1,135 | – | 164 | – | – |
| AGES-Reykjavik (5) | Iceland | 2002–2006 | PC | 8.2∗ | 77.0 | 42.5 | 100.0 | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.2 | 100 | 5,691 | 957 | 716 | – | – |
| ARIC 6, 7, 8, 9 | United States | 1996–1998 | PC | 12.1 | 62.7 | 43.8 | 78.3 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | 68 | 10,350 | 610 | 527 | 507 | 358 |
| BRHS (10) | United Kingdom | 1998–2000 | PC | 13.0∗ | 68.6 | 100.0 | 99.0 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | 99 | 2,715 | 475 | – | – | – |
| BRIANZA (11) | Italy | 1986–1993 | PC | 15.0∗ | 46.7∗ | 49.3 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 4,932 | 393 | – | – | 167 |
| BRUN | Italy | 2000 | PC | 10.0† | 65.4 | 46.1 | 100.0 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Serum | 12.0 | 95 | 642 | 74 | 33 | 37 | 49 |
| CAERPHILLY (11) | United Kingdom | 1989–1993 | PC | 22.2† | 62.4∗ | 100.0 | 100.0 | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 2,171 | 583 | – | – | 470 |
| CHS 12, 13 | United States | 1989–1993 | PC | 11.8∗ | 72.7 | 40.5 | 83.8 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Serum | 3.0 | 66 | 4,221 | – | – | NR | 1,103 |
| CIRCS 12, 13 | Japan | 2001–2011 | NCC | 2.0∗ | 38.0–86.0‡ | 68.0 | 0.0 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Serum | 3.0 | NR | 360 | – | 120 | – | – |
| DAN-MONICA 12, 13 | Denmark | 1982–1992 | PC | 29.0† | 50.0∗ | 50.6 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 7,582 | 1,326 | - | – | 1,002 |
| DHS 12, 13 | United States | 2000–2002 | PC | 6.4∗ | 44.8 | 44.1 | 29.4 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Serum | 3.0 | 27 | 3,459 | – | – | – | 59 |
| FHS 12, 13 | United States | 1995–1998 | PC | 11.3 | 59.0 | 46.9 | 100.0 | hs-cTnI (Erenna) | Plasma | 0.2 | 81 | 3,265 | 334 | 173 | – | – |
| FINRISK97 12, 13 | Finland | 1997 | PC | 14.0† | 47.8∗ | 49.7 | 100.0 | hs-cTnI (Erenna) | Serum | 1.0 | 94 | 7,899 | 770 | 363 | 299 | – |
| HUNT2 18, 19 | Norway | 1995–1997 | PC | 13.9 | 50.0∗ | 45.6 | 97.0 | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.2 | 96 | 9,712 | – | 292 | – | 708 |
| JUPITER 18, 19 | Multinational | 2003–2006 | PC§ | 2.0∗ | 66.0∗ | 67.7 | 81.8 | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Plasma | 1.9 | 92 | 12,956 | 304 | 224 | 70 | 46 |
| KORA 11, 21 | Germany | 1994–2001 | PC/CCoh∥ | 14.5† | 50.5∗ | 49.7 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 8,913 | 525 | 803 | – | 331 |
| MFS 11, 21 | United Kingdom | 1996 | PC | 17.3∗ | 45.1 | 44.5 | 100.0 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | 95 | 1,721 | 135 | – | – | – |
| MHS 11, 21 | United States | 1990–1997 | NCC | 15.0† | 67.0 | 62.1 | 97.0 | hs-cTnI (Erenna) | Serum | NR | 100 | 464 | – | – | – | 211 |
| MOLI-SANI 11, 21 | Italy | 2005–2010 | PC | 4.2∗ | 54.6∗ | 48.1 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 24,325 | 473 | – | – | 151 |
| PIVUS 23, 24 | Sweden | 2001 | PC | 10.0∗ | 70.0 | 50.0 | 100.0 | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Plasma | 1.5 | 96 | 1,004 | 163 | – | – | 37 |
| PREVEND 23, 24 | Netherlands | 1997 | PC | 12.0† | 49.3 | 49.8 | 94.9 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | NR | 8,121 | – | 583 | – | – |
| PRIME-BEL 23, 24 | United Kingdom | 1990–1993 | PC | 12.0† | 54.7∗ | 100.0 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 2,745 | 505 | – | – | 149 |
| PROSPER | Multinational | 1997–1999 | PC§ | 8.2 | 75.3 | 44.8 | 100.0 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | 88 | 4,402 | 519 | 405 | 269 | 694 |
| SHHEC 11, 29 | United Kingdom | 1984–1995 | PC | 20.0 | 48.9 | 50.4 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 16,000 | 2,953 | 1,980 | 797 | 1,786 |
| SHIP 11, 29 | Germany | 1997–2001 | PC | 11.0† | 50.0∗ | 48.7 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Serum | 1.9 | 75 | 3,871 | – | – | – | 38 |
| ULSAM 11, 29 | Sweden | 1991–1995 | PC | 10.0∗ | 71.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | 93 | 561 | 148 | 86 | 62 | 46 |
| WHS 11, 29 | United States | 1992–1995 | PC/CCoh§¶ | 12.3∗ | 56.5∗ | 0.0 | 90.8 | hs-cTnT (Roche) | Plasma | 3.0 | 35 | 1,517 | 516 | 176 | 272 | 119 |
| WOSCOPS 11, 29 | United Kingdom | 1989–1991 | PC§ | 15.0† | 55.1 | 100.0 | NR | hs-cTnI (Abbott) | Plasma | 1.2 | 99.8 | 3,318 | – | 413 | 213 | 251 |
| Total | 1982–2011 | 11.9 | 56.1 | 52.8 | 88.6 | 80.0 | 154,052 | 11,763 | 7,061 | 2,526 | 7,775 | |||||
Values are ranges, weighted means, or sums, unless otherwise indicated.
ADVANCE = Atherosclerotic Disease, Vascular Function and Genetic Epidemiology Study; AGES-Reykjavik = Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study; ARIC = Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study; BRHS = British Regional Heart Study; BRIANZA = MONICA Brianza Study; BRUN = Bruneck Study; CAERPHILLY = Caerphilly Prospective Study; CCoh = case-cohort study; CHD = coronary heart disease; CHS = Cardiovascular Health Study; CIRCS = Circulatory Risk in Communities Study; CVD = cardiovascular disease; DAN-MONICA = Danish MONICA Study; DHS = Dallas Heart Study; FHS = Framingham Heart Study; FINRISK97 = FINRISK 1997 Survey; hs-cTnI = high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I; hs-cTnT = high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; HUNT2 = Nord-Trondelag Health Study 2; JUPITER = Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin Trial; KORA = Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg; MFS = MIDSPAN Family Study; MHS = Minnesota Heart Study; MOLI-SANI = Moli-Sani Project; NCC = nested case-control study; NR = not reported; PC = prospective cohort study; PIVUS = Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors Study; PREVEND = Prevention of Renal and Vascular End Stage Disease Study; PRIME-BEL = Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction from Belfast; PROSPER = Pravastatin in Elderly Individuals at Risk of Vascular Disease Study; SHHEC = Scottish Heart Health Study and Scottish MONICA; SHIP = Study of Health in Pomerania; ULSAM = Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men; WHS = Women’s Health Study; WOSCOPS = West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study.
Median.
Maximum.
Range.
Prospective study was nested in a trial.
The KORA study reported on the association with CHD events in a case-cohort dataset (2,748 participants, maximum follow-up of 16 years, hs-cTnI measured with the Erenna assay).
The WHS investigated results separately for participants with and without diabetes (using a prospective study and case-cohort design, respectively).